Battery Types

in batteries •  7 years ago 

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Lead Acid

Flooded (Wet Cell) (Non-sealed)

  • Contains a liquid in an unsealed container
  • Cheaper
  • Better availability of types and sizes
  • Requires adequate ventilation for the batteries.
  • Requires an area where maintenance can be performed

Sealed (Dry Cell) (Maintenance Free)

GEL

  • Do not need to be kept upright
  • Reduce the electrolyte evaporation and spillage that is common with wet-cell battery
  • Greater resistance to extreme temperatures, shock, and vibration
  • Same flooded batteries except that the antimony in the lead plates is replaced by calcium

AGM (Absorbed Glass Matte)

  • No spilling of acid
  • Low maintenance (no top up needed)
  • Temperature tolerant (operate at -20°C)
  • Vibration resistant
  • Discharge much deeper
  • Charge much faster

VRLA ( Valve Regulated Lead Acid battery)

  • The valve regulating mechanism allows for a safe escape of hydrogen and oxygen gasses during charging.

Lithium-ion

Overall (in comparison to lead acid) these batteries are lighter, have a deeper life cycle (they can discharge 100%), charge faster, have a greater lifecycle and have a higher output. Really the only downside is the price. Currently they are around 8x or more expensive than a lead acid battery.

Lithium Cobalt Oxide

  • High capacity
  • Common in cellphones, laptops and electronic cameras
  • Shorter lifespan and limited specific power

Lithium Manganese Oxide

  • High thermal stability
  • Safest
  • Common in medical equipment

Lithium Iron Phosphate

  • Durable
  • Long cycle life
  • Common in electric vehicles

Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide

  • Either has a high specific energy or high specific power (not both)
  • Common in power tools and electric vehicles

Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide

  • Long lifespan
  • Common in electric powertrains and in grid storage
  • High energy
  • Exspensive
  • Not as safe

Lithium Titanate

  • Very fast charge time
  • Lower voltage
  • Common in storing renewable energy

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