Have you always wanted to become bitcoin mastermind but the sheer amount of knowledge felt overwhelming? Or maybe you gathered bits (no pun intended) and pieces but you are wondering if there is something else that could help you?
I am going to share with you everything I have gathered so far.

Depending on your background you might not understand some things from the articles, feel free to refer to Wikipedia for each one.

General knowledge

Official website

https://bitcoin.org/en/

Wiki entry

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin

Explanation

https://www.cnet.com/how-to/what-is-bitcoin/
https://www.coindesk.com/bitcoin-explained-five-year-old/

Blockchain

https://www2.deloitte.com/ch/en/pages/strategy-operations/articles/blockchain-explained.html
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/06/blockchain-explained-simply/

Mining

https://www.bitcoinmining.com/
https://www.huffingtonpost.com/ameer-rosic-/what-is-bitcoin-mining-a-_b_13764842.html
https://www.coindesk.com/information/how-bitcoin-mining-works/

Community

Forums

https://bitcointalk.org/
https://forum.bitcoin.com/

Reddit

https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/
https://www.reddit.com/r/btc/
https://www.reddit.com/r/CryptoCurrency/

Discord

Personally, I don't like discord especially for things like cryptocurrencies, but there are a lot of groups of various quality.
Google bitcoin discord etc.

IRC

I feel that IRC deserves its own chapter. While some of you might consider it as a nuance of 90's, it is still very much alive and a unique place with unique people.

First, you will need to download your chat client. For example:
https://hexchat.github.io/
or
https://www.mirc.com/
then you can join a server and channels.

Here is a guide on how to do that:
https://fedoramagazine.org/beginners-guide-irc/

Etiquette on IRC usage (not only for hackers)
https://github.com/fizerkhan/irc-etiquette
Another one:
https://www.drupal.org/irc/usage

After you have everything setup, connect to Freenode
/server chat.freenode.net

Now you can start joining channels.
/join #bitcoin
/join #bitcoin-mining
/join #bitcoin-forks
/join #bitcoin-pricetalk
/join ##altcoins
/join #altcoin-pricetalk
/join ##econometrics

Some channels are more active than others, also be careful who you trust and don't take anyone's opinion too seriously.
Most altcoins also have their channel, for example:
/join #dogecoin

Wallet

https://bitcoin.org/en/choose-your-wallet

Bitcoin Core and Electrum seem to be very popular.

Make sure to read as much as possible about security:
https://bitcoin.org/en/you-need-to-know
https://bitcoin.org/en/secure-your-wallet

Exchanges

Ready to buy? Most exchanges will have some sort of identity verification process. You will have to scan and attach a picture of at least one of your ID's, depending on the site

Because of this, it is very important to choose a trusted exchange. Even then never leave large sums on the websites.

Easiest to verify but higher prices:
https://www.coinbase.com/

Most popular big exchanges:
https://www.bitstamp.net/
https://www.bitfinex.com/
https://www.gdax.com/
https://www.kraken.com/

No registration exchanges:
https://shapeshift.io/#/coins
https://blocktrades.us/

Trading

Paper trading:

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/papertrade.asp

https://whaleclub.co/
https://www.tradingview.com/

Reading candlestick charts:

News

https://news.bitcoin.com/
https://www.coindesk.com
https://www.marketwatch.com
https://cointelegraph.com/tags/bitcoin
https://cryptocurrencynews.com/

Other links

Price, charts, and statistics of 1600+ cryptocurrencies

https://coinmarketcap.com/

Bitcoin obituaries

https://99bitcoins.com/bitcoinobituaries/

Lamborgini calculator

https://when-lambo.com/

Bitcoin songs

https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=1793910.0

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If I have left something out, remind me in comments and I will add it to the list.