The Book of Leviticus is an extension of the Decalogue given by the prophet Moses on Mount Sinai to the Israelites. Basically, this book is a set of instructions given by God to Moses in the Tent of Meeting. The book contains at its beginning the ritual prescriptions for the priests and then describes what is known as the Law of Sanctity.
The law of Holiness is summarized in a principle: "Be holy because I, the LORD your God, am holy" Leviticus 19:2. The people of Israel had received a promise from God, a grace, and the realization of this promise required the compliance of a series of precepts to make Israel a holy nation in the image of the Lord.
And this was of the utmost importance, because the land they were going to take in possession, the land of Canaan, was inhabited by peoples given over to idolatry, for this reason, the Book of Leviticus made a special exhortation:
"Do not make idols or set up an image or a sacred stone for yourselves, and do not place a carved stone in your land to bow down before it. I am the LORD your God.
Observe my Sabbaths and have reverence for my sanctuary. I am the LORD" Leviticus 26:1-2.
The sin of idolatry is for the law of holiness, the source of a series of curses for the receivers of the law of Moses, because it implies a break with the covenant.
As well as the fulfillment of the law through the gift of fear of God (constancy, firmness, devotion, equanimity) is the origin of promises of blessing:
"I will put my dwelling place among you, and I will not abhor you. I will walk among you and be your God, and you will be my people. I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of Egypt" Leviticus 26:11-13.
These blessings and curses, as a corollary to the Law of Moses in Leviticus, have a very special spiritual meaning, because they are the first antecedent of the beatitudes and misfortunes in the Sermon on the Mount with Jesus.
Because God does not destroy nor curse, God rewards those who follow the right path, and seeks the teaching and correction of those who follow the wrong path.
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