Have you ever wondered why Humans Can't Regrow their limbs or any other body parts, while we are still able to grow our fingernails?
So let us talk about this topic.
Humans are considered to be the well developed multicellular organisms, still, we are not able to manage the trick of limb regeneration in lower level organisms. Starfish, Hydractina, Lizards, Planaria, Salamander is able to regenerate most of their body parts. In fact the Axolotl, a Mexican Salamander can regenerate it's whole body parts including eyes, limbs and even its spinal cord and brain parts.
So how do these organisms do this?
When a Salamander loses its limb the wound close more rapidly and cells rush to the amputation site.
The group of cells combines together to form Blastema.
So what is a Blastema?
The blastema is a mass of cells capable of growth and regeneration into an organ or an appendage.
Blastema acts as a bud or root for the new limb, that is why it is also known as Regeneration Bud.
When Blastema grows it eventually forms the shape of its limb. This process can take several months depending on the age of the organism.
Still, they are able to do it.
So why can't Humans do it?
In the case of Humans, when we lose a limb, the cells around the wound site closes the wound and blood clot forms. This leads to a scar in the place where the limb was.
But we have the ability to regenerate in our foetal stage. Humans grow each body parts from an embryo.
How do we do that?
It's because of the help of stem cells.
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells which have the ability to grow into any type of cell or tissue
But most mammals lose their stem cells as we grow up. Some animals like Hydractina and Planaria use this pluripotent stem cells to regenerate themselves
Researchers are still finding a way to use the ability of out stem cells in our adulthood
In general, Humans can build awesome robotic arms, while other animals have their own handy way.
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