Holy city! Where there have never been incidents of violence or war. A very peaceful civilization developed on the shores of Peru. I am talking about a civilization which is about five and a half thousand years old.
The civilization was formed with three thousand people. The World Heritage Site refers to this civilization as a 'holy city'. This civilization of Peru-Perp is called Karal. The oldest civilization found in the history of the world is karal or karal-soup. Archaeologists believe that this civilization collapsed 3,600 years ago through a devastating earthquake.
Mesopotamia, Egypt, China and India are among the first civilizations of mankind. However, the Karal civilization is even older than these civilizations. The name Karal comes from the name of the Karal region in the Supe Valley of Peru.
The Karal civilization originated from here
This region of Peru, on the other hand, is now spoken in Norte Chico (Spanish, meaning small place in the north). Its capital was the Sacred City of Carroll. The people of this civilization were quite famous for their agricultural practices, rich culture, pottery and amphitheater.
The way civilization was discovered
It is known that this civilization developed from 3000 to 1600 BC. Archaeologists have unearthed at least 30 sites of this civilization off the coast of north-central Peru. Among these, excavations at Caral, Aspero, Warikanga, Kabalet, etc., have yielded numerous traces of this civilization.
In 1905, several traces of this civilization were discovered in the Soupe Valley, a short distance off the coast of Peru. The Aspero ethnic group is found on the beach. And about 25 kilometers away from the sea, you can find traces of Karale civilization.
Karal civilization was formed here
Karal civilization was formed here
Karal civilization was formed here
Patterns of this ancient civilization became well-known in archeological circles before 1940. At that time, however, little importance was placed on these patterns. Then, in 1905, German archaeologist Max Uhle began exploring the Soup Valley, 200 miles north of Lima on the Pacific coast of Peru. He was the first to make archeological discoveries in the region. Excavations have been carried out in the area for decades. During this time they discovered some high mountains.
Finding a five thousand year old pyramid
When excavations were completed in 1980, archaeologists discovered the mountains as pyramids, according to the natural structure. Archaeologists were then able to explore the entire perimeter of the Caral metropolis by 1990. It took about 90 years to discover the whole area of Karal.
Remains of many things can be found throughout the region. These include the high platforms of potentially large stone temples, the ruins of houses built for living, several mounds, food-drinking marks on the platforms, several bone-made flutes, and so on.
It took 90 years to discover this place
Judging by the period, it is thought that the Caral civilization developed in Egypt at a time when the pyramids were being built. This civilization is at least two thousand years older than Meso America, another ancient civilization center in the Western Hemisphere. Kerala is one of the 16 settlements identified in the Supe Valley covering an area of about 75 hectares. There are six big pyramids around Kerala.
The largest of these is 60 feet high and 450 x 500 feet in diameter. Which is about the size of four football fields. From this pyramid the rulers of Karal observed the whole city. The inner stairs are 29 feet wide. Inside are a few small rooms. Which includes a porch and a sacred altar.
It is estimated that about three thousand people lived in Karale. Researchers believe that many of the civilizations that came after Norte Chico used the city's model in their excellence. This is one of the oldest urban civilizations in the Americas. About 50 small rivers descending from the high Andes Mountains flow through this generally arid region. Agriculture was also the mainstay of the centers of this civilization established along their banks.
What is the life of the Karals?
Patterns of Karal civilization
Agriculture was the mainstay of the economy of the Karal civilization. However, they did not cultivate any food. The people of the Karal civilization used to cultivate cotton. The cotton was used to make fishing nets and supply them to the centers of this coastal civilization. The fish and seafood collected from there were the livelihood of the people of this civilization. However, in the narrow river valleys there are also traces of some fruit and vegetable cultivation. No other ancient evidence of such a civilization has yet been found.
However, Ruth Sheddy found evidence of the existence of some of the grains and fruit-producing and tuber plants used at the time from the excavation site while conducting excavations at Solis Carale. These are squash, some types of beans, guava, lukuma, sweet potato etc. Later, archaeologists, such as Jonathan Haas, found these plants in some excavations further north.
There they find a number of plants, including avocado and achira. This suggests that these grains were part of the diet of the Karal people. Researchers also found animal remains there