Culture Vulture (#culturevulture) is a Steemit writing challenge initiated by @eroche. You may read here for more details and the latest update.
Culture Vulture for CNers is a cross-culture translation project in collaboration with @eroche and carried out by @deanliu and @ygern. We'll pick at least onr article every week and translate it into Chinese, aiming to bring cultural diversity to the #CN community. All translated articles from this series will be published with permissions from the original authors.
各位CN區的朋友,Sawubona!
《文化讀癮.一週譯報》是一個翻譯行動,我們每週將至少精選一篇來自 #culturevulture 的文章,經原作者同意後翻譯成中文,以 #cn-culturevulture 標籤刊出,希望把這些有趣、多元的內容透過我們認真的篩選與精細的翻譯,帶到cn社區人面前呈現,拓展視野、豐富生活。
《文化讀癮.一週譯報》第1期為您精選兩篇文章,作者分別來自南非和俄羅斯。
歡迎你的到來,跟我一起探索南非的祖魯傳統文化
Original title: Getting To Know The Traditional Zulu Culture - Visit Us Here In South Africa!
authored by @sweetpea, translated by @ygern
南非是個異常多彩、多樣的國家。來自不同族群、文化與宗教的人在這裡生活——我們的人民如此多元,以至被譽為彩虹國度(Rainbow Nation),我引以為傲。這裡住著英國人、阿非利卡人(Afrikaaners)、科薩人(Xhosa)、印度人、中國人⋯⋯我們的族群不勝枚舉!
我居住的地方:南非夸祖魯.納塔爾省
我住在夸祖魯.納塔爾省(Kwa Zulu Natal,KZN),祖魯人是這裡的主要文化群體。祖魯人是這片土地的創始者,「夸祖魯」意即「祖魯人之地」。「納塔爾」則是英國人在殖民時期為這個地方取的名字;殖民結束後,這個地區被重新命名為「夸祖魯.納塔爾省」。在KZN,人數最多的族群就是祖魯人——雖然現代的祖魯人早已受到西方文化影響,但部分人仍然維持著這個族群的原初文化與傳統習俗。
大多數祖魯人過著跟一般西方人無異的生活,但是他們當中有少數人還是選擇住在鄉村的部落裡,維繫著跟以往一樣的生活方式。他們仍然住在泥土與草葉蓋成的傳統小屋,從大地取得食物;他們非常重視自己的文化,以及族人權益。
在我家附近,就有一個這樣的村落!這個村子開放讓外人參觀,你甚至可以付費觀賞他們的舞蹈演出,或者拜訪他們的小屋,讓祖魯人為你展示他們的生活方式。這個村子的居民來自Ghasa部落,這是一個可追溯到數百年前的宗族。
Ghasa
照片為作者所攝
祖魯文化與西方文化大相徑庭,兩者的傳統、信仰,以及日常的生活方式都極為不同。
祖魯人的傳統服飾
看看那些動物皮革、草衣與彩色豔麗的珠子。祖魯人以傳統衣著顯示他們的婚姻狀態。男性的整套服裝通常包括一件動物皮革製成的裙子(部落裡地位最顯赫者穿的是豹皮)、女性則穿草裙。現在,這類裙子一般都作為外衣搭在內層服裝之外,讓穿著較為方便。已婚男性配戴動物皮革製成的頭帶。未婚女性傳統上不著上衣,但這在今日社會確實造成一些忌諱,所以她們通常會穿上比基尼上衣。女性以大量彩色珠子裝飾頭飾與衣著。
照片為作為所攝:祖魯女性穿著現代版本的傳統服飾。
祖魯人的飲食
日常飲食主要以玉米、蔬菜如南瓜、捲心菜、番茄、洋蔥等等,沒有什麼太特別的東西。但是,祖魯人以玉米和高粱釀製的啤酒非常有名。我不曾品嚐,但據聞這種啤酒帶有酸味,入口清爽。Amazi是祖魯人的傳統飲料,現在可以商店裡買到盒裝的。Amazi其實就是凝結的酸奶(這我不愛)!許多早已西化了的祖魯人仍然喜愛這種傳統飲料。
來源
祖魯人的信仰
祖魯人相信他們的祖先住在靈界,視祖靈為他們與這個世界的媒介。祖先對他們而言具有重大意義,所以會舉行許多讚頌與敬拜儀式。每當族人逝世時,葬禮都極度受到重視。傳統的祖魯社會相信Sangomas(即部落裡的祭師或精神治療師),因為病痛與惡運往往被認為源自祖先的憤怒,而非視之為健康問題或某個行動的時機失當。
「祖魯人相信,家庭成員必須時時惦記著所有的祖先;否則,祖先將會給你一些麻煩,讓在世的人記得他們。」——來源
一位祖魯族的Sangoma。(照片來源)
祖魯人的其他文化習俗:
- 祖魯舞蹈。祖魯人有一種具創意且特別的舞蹈,有許多高踢與甩動手臂的動作,並且搭配著木棍、長矛與圓鼓。
- 從陶土、珠子、草葉發展出來的工藝。 祖魯人是天生的藝術家,富有創意;那些艷麗的珠子製品、雕塑與篮筐,皆頗負盛名。
照片為作者所攝:傳統舞蹈
如何用祖魯語打招呼
Sawubona(發音:s-ow-oo-baw-na)
祖魯人維持緊密的親族關係,叔伯姑媽等等都被視同父母。無論是過著傳統或西式生活的祖魯人,皆性情和善。祖魯人的文化讓我們更深入了解南非的歷史——他們跟這片土地有遠遠比其他任何民族或文化群體更深刻的淵源。
如何用祖魯語說再見
Hamba kahle(發音:ha-ummba, ka-gglair)
那麼,來到這裡,就跟大家說聲:
HAMBA KAHLE
俄羅斯的傳統:秋天田園牧歌
Original title: “Autumn pastoral” in the Russian tradition.
authored by @ @madlenfox, translated by @ygern
秋天已悄悄來臨。這是豐收的季節。在俄羅斯的傳統,這是一個以收割莊稼、讚頌豐饒、享受家庭安和為名的假日。我們抓住這溫暖夏日的尾巴,趁著這美好機會去品嚐那些熟透了的美味蔬菜、漿果與各式水果。
今天,我們受邀到一年一度的蔬果藝術饗宴,地點就在聖彼得堡(St. Petersburg)的其中一座宮廷庭園裡。
「秋天田園牧歌」是源自十八世紀末的悠久傳統。當時的士人階層與皇室名流對值物、莊稼、農藝懷有奇特的幻想。這裡過去曾是著名庭園,遍布蔬果與園藝植物。
我們歡樂赴約。這是個難得的機會,好讓我在這裡為您介紹我們的傳統文化,並且與您分享一些有趣的照片。
「豐饒角」之歌
【譯註:豐饒角(Cornucopia)或稱豐裕之角,作為食物和豐饒的象徵,源自希臘神話中。宙斯小時候,克里特島上的寧芙女仙們用母山羊阿瑪爾忒亞的奶,以及蜂蜜餵養他。有一天,樹枝勾斷了母山羊的一隻角,女仙撿起斷掉的羊角,以鮮花和樹葉包裹起來,並在羊角里塞滿了各種新鮮蔬果,然後送給宙斯。宙斯把羊角它轉送給了養育他的女仙們,並且許諾:她們可以從這隻羊角里傾倒出任何想要得到的東西,而且取之無盡、用之不竭。】
這是相當規模的藝術節,而且豐富多彩。對我們這些城市人而言,看著那些蔬菜生長在園圃裡,就已經是件充滿趣味的事。在我們眼前的,是各式各樣的蔬果收成。
藝術蔬果籃的展覽如此讓人驚艷,展現著莊稼的多樣與豐饒。所有作品皆出自藝術家之手,以採集而來的蔬果聚合展現。看看這些漂亮的作品吧。
在這美好一的刻,我們每個人都似乎成了阿爾欽博托,以手邊的綠葉、蔬果、莓果拼成一幅又一幅的圖像。【譯註:朱塞佩.阿爾欽博托(Giuseppe Arcimboldo,1527-1593)文藝復興時期的義大利肖像畫家,作品常以蔬果、花、魚等物體形構成人物肖像。】
十六世紀的義大利畫家與裝飾藝術家擅長以蔬果構成肖像。
設計師模仿怪異的義大利畫家風格,以各式各樣的水果堆彻出作品。
我們得到許多有關插花藝術的建議,也從一位充滿創意的廚師那裡學到各種沙拉的製作方法,甚至還當場品嚐了他的廚藝。我們在這裡學習蔬菜雕花,彷彿在假日的餐桌上創造出美麗的珠寶。
我們參加了花草茶品嚐會。那裡有專家向我們解說各種花草茶的益處。當然,在這個傳統的假日活動裡,所有到來的賓客都得到殷勤接待,邊喝茶邊享用著自家製作的果醬與新鮮蛋糕。
這樣的活動當然更少不了音樂。今天,我們依循古老的傳統,聆聽著來自十八、十九世紀作曲家的長笛作品。
告別夏日,迎向秋天。在這個豐收的節慶,我們盡情歡樂。
- All translated articles from this series will be published with permissions from the original authors.
- Author's liquid reward (SBD) from this series will be used for supporting the Culture Vulture Challenge project (60%) and the selected participating original author (40%). The remaining author's reward (SP) will be shared among two project collaborators.
- Article selection for this translation series is independent of, and hence has no impact on the Culture Vulture Challenge winner selection.
- Articles pertinent to the Chinese culture would only be considered under special circumstances, as our primary purpose is to enable people from the cn community to see beyond their usual surroundings and connect with the versatile cultures around the globe.
- 文章發布皆已取得原作者同意。
- 這系列文章的作者收益,SBD部分60%將資助Culture Vulture Callenge項目,40%則回饋給原作者;SP部分則由兩位合作者共享。翻譯工作主要是由 @ygern負責。
幸會 #cn
Great choices @deanliu. I really enjoyed these two posts and they showcase very well what the tag #culturevulture is trying to achieve.
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Great to hear that! :)
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Great idea
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Wow! It's cool! Great job. You are doing a great job. We all here will be able to learn more about the culture and traditions of different countries and peoples. I am pleased that my work has attracted interest from Steemians.
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thanks for your great post!
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there is nothing better than fresh and healthy vegetables.
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Thanks for sharing 👍👍👍 its good you👌👌👌 have to learning different 💐💐💐culture around you ,👌👌👌 and you learning 🎂🎂🎂something new👌👌👌
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good job and photography
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ohhhh wonderfull pictures, nice work after seeing them i feel fresh
sir deanliu you always share some different and interesting stuff, i really waited for your posts thnxx
upvoted and resteemed a love for u
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MMMMMMmmm, those vegetables sure look delicious. Also like how clear and good the colors are.
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好多水果
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O哥餓了嗎?隨手拿吧!:D
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amazing photo
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那种伟大的文化充满了不同的人,有祖先习俗,好蔬菜和美丽的植物 / that great culture full of different people, of ancestral customs and that good vegetables and beautiful plants !
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everything be cultural.
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and it is worth sharing with others on this platform. :)
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Amazing thought 💭
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Thanks for sharing.
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Thanks for sharing , its good you have to learning different culture around you , and you learning something new . @abdikadir
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第一期出來了!!!
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异域风情的盛宴!
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Sawubona XD
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👋👋
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Congratulations @deanliu!
Your post was mentioned in the hit parade in the following category:
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俄罗斯的田园风情和非洲的民俗都让人很向往
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广州这边的博物馆,倒是定期会有些关于各地民族风情传统文化等的展览,比如我之前参观过的毛利人等,也非常不错,只是远不如不如你这个现场的体验和观赏。
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在地人寫的文化體驗往往更真實,我們會朝這個方向選文。關於選文與翻譯,也請大家多多給我們回饋意見。 🤓
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great work! :D loved the arrangements
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좋은 게시물.
나
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Nice projet, great idea!!
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good job
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Great post @deanliu...
I like it your post ...
I a'm follow and upvote your post...
do not forget, if there is time please go to my blog ..
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This is a wonderful contest. I participate in it with great pleasure. With interest I read the posts of other participants. It is a great idea. So much you can learn about the unusual traditions and culture of other countries. This week I'm in the contest shown the ancient tombs of the Slavs, which are more than 1000 years. Perhaps they hide ancient treasures and secrets. Come take a look, friends. I hope you will be interested.
https://steemit.com/culturevulture/@anna-mi/culturevulture-ancient-burial-places-of-the-slavs-unique-monuments-of-ancient-times
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Bravo pictures👏
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那水果雕得太美,我都捨不得吃了!!!
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Guys, my name is Leo I'm new here on steemit, I'm a ecommerce and marketing expert would love to bring some of my stuff over to steemit in the future, so please check out my profile, thanks!
https://steemit.com/bitcoin/@leo-tmp/2ua7wx-steemit-meets-ecommerce
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Great idea
Great choices @deanliu
Thanks for sharing 👍
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一个帖子两篇文,很奢华
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哈哈。希望內容更紮實一些。
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一开始的时候,我还以为那些水果和菜是真的呢。话说刘美女是汉语和英语都这么赞呀
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那是真的呀!
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“藝術蔬果籃的展覽如此讓人驚艷,展現著莊稼的多樣與豐饒。所有作品皆出自藝術家之手,以採集而來的蔬果聚合展現 。”不是真的呢
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所以是真的呀! XD
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原来真的是真的呀,太漂亮,真假难分
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Beautiful fruit art
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我开始的时候还以为是真的哈哈
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