婆媳姑嫂关系这一主题,在诸多文学作品中有涉及。自古以来婆媳姑嫂关系难处理似乎已成共识。安仁童谣也不例外,三言两语就把这种微妙的关系深刻地表现出来了。下面选了些比较典型的以飨读者。
一、麻鸟唧
麻鸟唧,叫喳喳。
提起篮子走娘家。
娭毑看到崽啊肉,
大嫂看得眼liuliu(鄙视的眼神)。
我不是回来分田土,
我是回来看爷娘,
看到爷娘放得心,
空起篮子打转身。
母亲和嫂子态度的对比活画出姑嫂关系的恶化程度。把嫂子内心的恨及在婆婆面前敢怒不敢言的心理刻画得入木三分。嫂子之所以不欢迎姑子回家无非怕姑子带走了家中物品,姑子表白:不带走一根茅草,看看爹娘就放心了。读到这,旧社会嫁出去的女的处境十分令人心酸。童谣中这种白描的手法十分具有表现力。
二、白鹭鸟
白鹭鸟,脚底尖。
手提篮子回娘边。
爹爹听到女回哒(动态助词,表示完成或实现,相当于普通话的“了”),
杀猪杀羊笑哈哈;
娭毑(母亲)听到女回哒,
背起楼梯搲糫杂(抓点心等零食);
妹妹听到姐回哒,
下田下塘捞鱼虾;
哥哥听到妹回哒,
打开鸡笼宰鸡鸭;
嫂子听到姑唧回,
泥脚上墈冇停歇。
茶不烧,水不筛,
锁紧房门回娘家。
我们这有民谚:要想肚子饱,回到娘屋打一扫(走一趟)。本就媳妇难当,按理嫂子应该善待小姑才是。可这个嫂子的反常行为令人费解。举家上下那么忙碌要盛情款待回娘家的亲人,嫂子却那么不近人情。当然这是运用了艺术的夸张手法,用一家人的暖来烘托嫂子的冷漠。无非在谴责嫂子的无情。可深入思考会发现:嫂子为何要这样呢?是不是婆婆家人对她不好?她的心理难以平衡?其实应该说,还是媳妇难当!
三、黑豆子
黑豆子,开红花,
娭毑养女嫁人家。
嫁嘎娭毑心头肉,
嫁嘎爹爹牡丹花;
嫁嘎哥哥亲姊妹,
嫁嘎大嫂大冤家。
这一首直接表述姑子是嫂子的冤家。也许姑子在家时父母偏爱她;也许嫂子不明事理认为姑子早该“泼”出去;也许姑子太小不懂事,有忤嫂子尊严。不得而知。
四、果花养个娇娇女
桎木柴,桎木花,
桎木柴上结果花。
果花养个娇娇女,
哪日嫁?初一嫁,
哪日回?初三回。
爹爹接我我不回,
娭毑接我我不回,
自己骑马一路回,
爹爹看见女回哒,
拈起胡须笑眯哒,
妈妈看见女回哒,
躲在房里掉泪花;
哥哥看见妹回哒,
背起楼梯摘果花,
大嫂看见妹回哒,
跑到厨屋泡细茶。
走到厅屋拜爹爹,
爹爹人家开得好;
走到房里拜娭毑,
娭毑衣衫缝得多;
走到厅屋拜哥哥,
哥哥嫁妆买得多,
走到房中拜大嫂,
大嫂花鞋做得好。
爹爹送我到厅屋,
一行眼泪溅脚中,
娭毑送我到阶檐,
一行眼泪溅脚沿;
哥哥送我到塘墈,
一行眼泪溅脚畔;
大嫂送我到园背,
声声问我几时回。
唯一的一首把嫂子写成正面形象。一个家庭骨肉相连,和和睦睦过日子多好啊!这样的嫂子才是该有的样子。公婆丈夫会感激她,姑子更会温暖至极。这么聪明贤惠的嫂子在大家庭里才更有尊严。有这样的家庭后盾,嫁出去的姑娘一定是幸福的!所以说幸福指数并不完全由金钱决定!
五、日头光光
日头光光照树上,树上喜鹊喳喳唱。
大嫂出来看新娘,新娘打扮漂漂亮。
嫁妆有栊又有箱,装郎袍有十八样。
家娘出来烧高香,筛茶敬酒拜高堂。
君公家娘迎亲客,满堂喜气红恰恰。
开箱糫杂十八盘,见面礼物盖通湾。
衣衫被褥绫罗帐,样式有短又有长。
家娘摆出下马威,鸡蛋里面要挑骨。
拿出这件嫌太短,拿出那件又嫌长。
几箱衣衫冇件好,新妇娘唧好难当。
这一首把婆婆的“恶”刻画得淋漓尽致。鸡蛋里面挑骨头,简直无理取闹。从前面渲染的媳妇家境看,并不是小户人家。可以想象,双方家境不对称的穷媳妇的日子该多么难过!由此可见,在那个年代人们追求门当户对也是情有可原的。
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貌似一直以来婆媳姑嫂都是剪不断理还乱的关系,到底什么才是正确的相处模式呢,老师德高望重,期待老师谆谆教诲。
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感谢你的信任!我感觉家庭成员之间有爱就一切都好办。我打算以后写篇体会来交流。
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😁
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天哪,居然有这么多童谣来说婆媳那些事。
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还不止这些,我只是精选这么些有代表性的。谢谢你一直以来的鼓励支持!
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贺老师脑子里好多值得我学习的!
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看着文章,脑海里一直都是家乡话说唱出来的声音。谢谢贺老师的记录和解析!
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用家乡话读挺有味道。
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配图也很到位。
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谢谢!
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这些童谣太妙了!
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谢谢你喜欢!
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这些诗读起来打趣的很哈哈哈
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赞!tumutanzi在澳洲的时候推荐我注册了steemit,很感谢他!
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在澳洲会议间隙,土木坛子给我推荐了steemit,很感谢他!
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