The word robot is derived from a word derived from the word robota, which means worker, popularized by Isaac Asimov in 1950 in a work of fiction. Robots are usually used for heavy duty, danger, repetitive and dirty work. Usually designate industrial robots used in the production line. Other uses include cleaning of toxic waste, underwater and aerospace exploration, mining, search and help, and mine search. Lately robots have begun to enter the consumer market in the areas of entertainment, vacuum cleaners, and gas leak detectors.
The robot was first developed by Computer Aided Manufacturing-International (CAM-1), "Robot is a device capable of performing functions commonly performed by humans, or equipment capable of working with intelligence similar to humans". The second definition, developed by the Robotics Institute of America (RIA), a robot-making society that focuses more on the robot's apparent ability to resemble humans.
Robots are programmable, multi-functional manipulator devices designed to move goods, components, equipment, or special tools, through programmed motions for various tasks. Fundamentally, robots have much in common with internal automation, they utilize identical (such as electrical, hydraulic, or pneumatic) power devices and they are controlled through controlled sequences through the program, allowing the machine to be in the desired position. Such environments are defined as environments In the development of automated machines this will be a variety of specifications depending on the needs of human activities on industrial automation and robotics.
Robotics is a dynamic field that develops rapidly. This development in addition to involving computing, machinery and electronics also concerns the development of applied technology. Research in the last field is usually rooted from the industry, to solve industry problems with existing technology. Examples include software development for new algorithms for robot control, development of higher resolution systems, improved sensor capabilities and the development of communication protocols for communication with computers and factory equipment. So that robots are used as a combination of mechanical devices and electronic devices that serve to replacing high-risk human jobs, such as work at high temperatures, chemicals, vacuum, and under conditions impossible for humans to do. There are also robots as a means of entertainment and there is also a robot who served to replace work that requires expertise (accurary), speed and others. There are also robots that work to do a routine job like a robot on spinning yarn. In the field of defense of security (Hankam), robots are used as a bomb squad. Currently the robot is developed in order to think with the logic that has been embedded in the software in the robot
When the creators of robots first tried to imitate humans and animals, they found that it was very difficult; require considerably more counting power than was available at the time. Thus, the emphasis of development is changed to other areas of research. A simple wheeled robot is used to experiment in behavior, navigation, and path planning. The navigation technique has evolved into a commercially available autnomous robot control system; the most recent examples of autonomous navigation control systems available today include laser-based navigation systems and Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (VSLAM) from ActivMedia Robotics and Evolution Robotics. When the technicians are ready to try the robots running again, they start with hexapod and many other legged platforms. The robots mimic insects and arthropods in form and function. The trend towards that type of body offers great flexibility and is proven to adapt to a wide range of environments, but the cost of adding mechanical hassle prevents consumer adoption. With more than four legs, these robots are statically stable which makes them work easier. The purpose of a two-legged robot research is to achieve a walking motion using a passive-dynamic movement that mimics the human movement.
