As a teacher, I feel my number one job is to help my students to develop their ability to think. To be honest, the exact content I teach is insignificant compared to the importance of helping my students to develop their critical thinking skills. My students can literally look up anything about World History that they would like without even having to pause the music they are listening to on their pocket sized computers.
But thinking... there is no App for that... yet.
Because my students have disabilities in reading and writing, it can be difficult to find appropriate materials to inspire deep critical thought. Luckily for me, I have a DVD player, the trust of my bosses, and the freedom to be creative.
One topic that really allows my students to develop and show off their thinking skills is the Cold War.
After a very brief introduction to the topic to ensure everyone is on the same page, I show my students the film Duck and Cover (1951). Actually, it is more accurate to say I turn my classroom into Mystery Science Theater 3000 for a few minutes so we can crack a few jokes at the absurdity of the film Duck and Cover.
Here are some of my favorite parts to make fun of:
1:50- The narrator compares an atomic bomb blast to a fire or a car crash. I normally hit the students with, "Yeah its just like a car crash... or 1 million car crashes all at the same time!!!"
2:29- Narrator "If you are not ready and did not know what to do, it could hurt you in different ways. It could knock you down hard, or throw you against a tree...". At this point I always add "Or it could turn you to ash!"
2:52 The narrator compares a nuclear explosion to a sun burn. He says "A nuclear blast can burn you worse than a terrible sunburn". Again I point out, "Yes. Much worse. Because sunburns don't turn you to ash!"
Come on Jimmy. Put on your sunscreen. We are going to grandma's and you know how she likes to set off those nuclear explosions after dinner.
3:30 In addition to laughing about the fact that the kids wear nice dresses and shirts and ties everywhere (even when playing sports), I always pause the video here to ask, "When can a bomb explode?"
My class responds with, "At any time!"
Yep at any time! Even if you are playing baseball in your Sunday best.
4:31 The narrator encourages a young girl to seek out an adult man (whom she does not know) in the event of an emergency. It then shows the two enter a dark shelter (basement). For this one I usually whip up the most sarcastic voice I have and say something like "Find a stranger and go somewhere dark with him."
That place looks dark and menacing. Come on. Let's go.
5:10 Some older boys (who are waring ties of course) are showing their fellow students how to duck and cove run the hallway.
I always point out that it really looks like they are about to kick this kid.
This fine young man is showing the other students exactly where to kick the other boy.
6:00 Again as the narrator explains that a bomb could drop anytime and anywhere, I pretend to be the mother and say "By kids, hope you don't get hit by a nuclear bomb today."
By kids. Have a great day. I hope a nuclear bomb doesn't fall on you anywhere at anytime.
6:10 I simply yell "Wham!" when the boy knocks his sister into the wall.
6:45 In case the kids still don't get it, the narrator again points out that a bomb can fall any time day or night... even on the way to your Cub Scout meeting. Here I point out that the kid appears to slam his face into the curb. When the narrator points out how still the child is laying, I shout, "Because he's knocked out!"
7:42 Is my favorite! Not only does the big voice narrator guy again say that the bomb can fall on "Sundays, holidays, or vacation days" he explains how you can protect yourself from a nuclear blast with a newspaper. Yes a NEWSPAPER! When I point that out, my students always lose it and we need to pause for them to regain their composure.
Ooooo there's a sale at Penny's... and we're all dead.
But the cherry on top of all of this, has nothing to do with "safety" or nuclear weapons at all. At the 8:20 mark, I pause the video and point out the boy in the bottom left of the screen.
Everybody is going to see this! Johnny is going to be famous!
I explain to my students that this film was intended to be seen by every grade school student in the U.S. Then I proceed to tell them that I am sure every parent of the children in the film was so proud. They probably called up all of their friends and family members to brag about how little Johnny was going to be famous! He was going to be seen by millions of people! How exciting!
Then at 8:26 mark, Johnny does this...
They lose it. Sometimes the students beg me to rewind. I do.
I have them right where I want them. The students are all laughing and engaged.
Then I get serious and say, "Now obviously I am biased and think this film is very silly. If it is so ridiculous, why do you think students in the 1950s and 1960s were required to watch this film?"
I always get the same two answers.
One students will say, "It is to keep people calm and convince them they will be OK."
Invariably, another student will answer, "No. They are trying to scare people."
Using these two answers I am able to lead a very interesting classroom discussion about how both answers can be correct. (Personally, I think being able to see value in opposing arguments is one of the greatest signs of intelligence.)
They wanted people to feel safe. They wanted people to feel scared.
This year, one student summed up the conversation with, "Maybe the government wanted people to be a little bit scared but not so scared that they panicked all the time".
Not bad.
Not only does showing this video allow my students to exercise their thinking skills, it helps them to understand why the American public was so willing (perhaps eager) to spend money to fight Communism during the 1950s and 1960s.
When we cover topics like the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan, my students always make the connection between the fear of an atomic bomb being dropped and the public's willingness to spend tax dollars to help prevent it.
It also helps them to understand why so much money and effort was put into the space and arms race.
Does that make this expenditure of resources ok? Does our government do anything similar today?
That is for them to decide.
I guess they are just going to have to think about it.
But let's get back to the question in the title of this post. Is Duck and Cover part of government propaganda or a public awareness campaign?
The first line of the wikipedia page about this film reads "Duck and Cover is a civil defense social guidance film that is often popularly mischaracterized as propaganda."
"Popularly mischaracterized as propaganda" huh?
Wikipedia (siting Oxford Dictionaries Online) defines "propaganda" as "information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote a political cause or point of view".
Wikipedia defines a "social guidance film" as "a genre of educational films attempting to guide children and adults to behave in certain ways."
So I will leave that question to all of you.
Do you think the film Duck and Cover was government propaganda or a public awareness campaign?
Image 1
All other images and gifs are from the the 1951 film Duck and Cover which is now public domain.
Duck and Cover Film on Wikipedia
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If you are an educator or support education, please swing by https://steemit.chat/channel/education.
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I learned to not climb up a tree and attempt to blow up a turtle because you'll end up doing no harm to the turtle and killing yourself
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Thank goodness you picked up on that. Not climbing trees with explosives was actually the main learning target of the lesson. Since I started teaching this lesson ,There has not been a single incidence of any student climbing a tree to blow up a turtle. Coincidence? I think not! You're welcome students!
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Great article, haha I cant believe they taught that. Its like teaching that we are the reason for climate change, when all the planets are going through chaotic weather. hahah yeah, thats our fault to right. Propaganda bullshit, scare the masses with useless tactics~
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Yeah I just want my students to not automatically believe everything they hear. It very well may be true but they
Need to do their own research to dig a little deeper.
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So glad to hear,I thought schools stopped teaching critical thinking and speculation! Keep it up and the younger generations will have a great platform to work from!
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Thanks! Part of it is getting them to question me. I mean in this activity I admitted how biased I was. They need to be looking good for that bias when it is not in the open.
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Entheogenic plants worked great for me! Dropped right outta school haha
But everyone is different. Plants have taught me much. So has vibration through music. ;) Get the students forced to do something they suck at, like pick up a new instrument. I always find that helpful in my learning. To keep me on my toes, WE get comfortable with things we are good at!
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Yeah, I cannot believe that in the cold war they were teaching people what to correctly do should a bomb go off, I cannot believe that people were so dumb and we are so much smarter, everyone knows that an atomic bomb turns everything to ash, duh!
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haha yeah, or it will son after from the radiation! HIDE under your desk haha
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Radiation will turn you into ash later if not sooner, because nukes.
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Don't do anything, you're already dead, just look at the blast and welcome death, stoopid people of the 50's and 60's and government using useless tactics like propaganda to scare people, because everyone knows drugs are bad ok, and propaganda doesn't work.
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This movie is a classic. I love your analysis of it. We use to have a lot of fun too when watching it. Like everything governmental it is propaganda. Anyway, that was a fun read.
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Thanks! I'm glad you got the joke. I was going for a humorous post with a very small glimpse of a bigger lesson. I was worried that by combining the two, I may have buried the fun. I needed this feedback. Thank you!
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@hanshotfirst you have a very interesting way of teaching I think its great and reckon if I had a teacher like you I would of learned alot more and played more attention at school. I remember them using this film for demonstrations on what one should do during a earthquake, haha but watching this will never be the same after your post. I also wanted to thank you for your kind donation on helping out a minnow I really need all the help I can get your kindness means alot, I also want to give back to the community and hope you will be pleased your donation will go all towards powering up, thanks again.
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I do try to make learning fun. A lot of my students have really been beaten down and could easily give up. I hope to reignite their passion for learning. At the very least, I want them to have a positive experience in my class.
I am thrilled that you powered it up!!! You already are giving back by making encouraging comments on people's posts. For a minnow that isn't earning a lot of rewards yet, those comments really keep them going. Thank you for doing that!!
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seems to me that a lot of people got hurt making this movie
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Oh boy I hope not! But it sure looked like they could have.
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The more I think about it, the more I'm in "not propaganda" camp.
Here's my reasoning. Imagine you're a government (and temporarily excuse my composition fallacy). If you know there is a high probability of nuclear war, you need to figure out how your country is going to survive it. Whether you're a benevolent government or not, the way you educate your public is going to have a real impact on how well your country survives the war. So you take stock of certain facts:
It seems to me that "duck and cover" is really meaningfully helpful for the 3rd point. The details of how people respond to a bomb going off really really matter for anybody who's outside the immediate blast area, and if you can educate your people on the right way to respond, you'll save many more people. This film, silly as it is (a newspaper is probably not the best radiation shield), does actually provide meaningful ways to survive certain aspects of a nuclear blast.
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Great response! Excellent points. You are right they had to do something. We do have to remember that this was made for kids... in the 1950s. Much of the humor derives from how dated it was. In addition the nuclear weapons used then were much different than ours now.
And honestly, perhaps it intentionally or unintentionally served two purposes.
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I have 2 "Duck and Cover" jackets, and now they are going to remind me about this film every time I wear them :-D I almost lost it when I heard about the newspaper :-) You can tell that it is pure propaganda just by the number of times "duck and cover" is repeated. I must say, though, that propaganda films and shows have evolved a lot since the 1950's! Great post!
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Thanks! If my kids aren't laughing by the time they show the picnic... they definitely are after.
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Very clever teacher. Its a shame other teachers don't try and make there classes more fun then children will get involved
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Thanks! I happen to be pretty lucky. I work with a lot of creative people and my school has the resources needed to support creativity. Wish that were the case everywhere.
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Its a shame more thought doesn't go into teaching
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I left teaching at the onset of Dubya's No Child Left Behind. Scripted lessons and teach-to-the-test became de rigour. Teachers quit in droves.
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Its a shame and wrong. Making a lesson fun will keep children's attentiion
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Teaching is like everything there can be 90% of a group who are great... but the 10% are what people hear about and remember.
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I would have enjoyed my classes better if the teacher had made them fun and interesting
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Me too. It's also about leadership - winning hearts and minds - instead of "Do as I say because I'm the teacher".
When I was at school, the teachers never took an interest the kids, never got to know us, never validated us. Had they done so our experience of school would have been dramatically better.
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I totally agree with that
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Thanks for this - terrific post, superbly written. Clearly, the highlight is little Johnny picking his nose - bless his cotton socks :)
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LOL. Yeah I love that part! How do you think his parents felt when they saw it. Personally I'd laugh... but it's not 1951.
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Who nose what they thought? (Sorry :))
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Lol well played!
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"Find a stranger and go somewhere in the dark with him" hahahaha, between that and hiding under a newspaper...I'm dyingggg (poor word choice LOL)
I would have been one of the kids that wanted the nose picking scene rewound.
Re-affirming that school would be so much better with more teachers like you ;)
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LOL. I think you got the point. I use this as a funny attention grabber. Often times the toughest part of a lesson is to get them hooked.
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And there's nothing better than humor for that purpose. One of my favorite teachers in school was a history teacher because he was funny, always doing things that engaged the entire class. I can't remember what the purpose of this was or what it related to (eighth grade was a long time ago) but he and I set up scene before class one day. I had a glass of water on my desk and after the bell had rung and everyone was seated he walked up to my desk and started lecturing me about a paper, and I stood up and shouted "You don't know what you're talking about you big jerk" and threw the cup of water in his face! To say the class was shocked is an understatement, LOL. We let everyone sit in silence for about five seconds before we both cracked up laughing and he launched into...whatever it was. I'm sad to say that I can't remember the subject matter anymore, but I do know that I did remember it for a long time after.
Oh, I also meant to say that the combo of you and @giantbear is a great one, I'll definitely check out your chat channel :)
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LOL! Wow that is dedication! I don't know if I can go that far. Thanks for the kind words about the chat. I am a bit busy but will give it some attention this weekend to hopefully set it up for success.
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Thanks for the piece i honestly think teachers get underpaid by thousands. Teachers are molding your kids for what we call the outside world. That deserves a much bigger incentive
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I won't argue about teacher pay because that differs from community to community. I do wish teachers got more respect. Some people think that if you have a degree in engineering you can teach math. There really is more that goes into it. I have been lucky to work along side a ton of great teachers. I am blessed that my own children have had wonderful teachers. A good teacher can be a life changer for a kid. Thanks for the kind words!!!
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@zeartul Amen!
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We were still watching that video in elementary school in the '70s. By that time, I think we all understood that if a nuclear bomb landed directly on us, we were done. As I recall, "Duck and Cover," was meant to minimize the impact for people who were lucky enough to be far enough away from the impact to survive the immediate blast. We even had lessons that went along with it where the teacher drew circles and described the expected effects at various distances from the blast, and she told us the distances where they thought you'd be able to survive by shielding yourself. I think the bit about the car crash was just to put it in terms that a 2nd or 3rd grader could relate to.
Then in the eighties, we talked about, The Day After in school for what seems like a week or more.
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I vividly remember watching The Day After with my family. I think just about everyone I know who was born in the 1970s watched that movie. It was quite different when there were only 4 networks (possibly only 3 at that point). There were a lot more universally shared entertainment experiences.
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Propaganda. Who could ever take this seriously. Cover your head with a newspaper. Nuclear blast cause sun burns. Come on.
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I love looking at this as comedy! So many things to laugh at.
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My grandfather was a nuclear engineer working on the Bomb at Los Alamos. He brought home some melted sand/glass from the test site for the kids to marvel at, not knowing it was dangerous. He later buried it in the back yard.
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Do you see how it glows at night.
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Wow! That is shocking.
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People genuinely didn't fully understand what they were dealing with. The military used anyone they chose for radiation experiments, like exposing enlisted men at test blast sites. Ugh :(
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How do you explain radiation burns to a child? I think sun burns are a pretty good analogy. If you're upwind of the blast and you hide behind a concrete wall, you'll be just fine.
Not sure what they were thinking about the newspaper...
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I think they were simply telling people, use whatever you can, even a newspaper can deflect thermal energy quite well as it's mostly carbon.
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Also it's not radiation itself that burns outside the immediate no survival zone, that gets transformed into superheated gasses that travel behind the initial shockwaves. Superheated gasses don't cause radiation burns, they create burns comparable to fire/combustibles, and it doesn't take much to deflect them or shield from, certainly a concrete wall would be best but a desk or even a newspaper could help.
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I suppose a newspaper would do something for alpha particles as well.
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That is a good point. I think some of the humor derives from the fact it is so dated and it was intended for children.
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When my son was 1, he asked me what the sun was. I told him it was a very hot, yellow ball of fire exploding in space. Shortly thereafter, he learned to escape his crib. One early Saturday morning, he appeared in our bed. " Mama! Dada! Get up# Hot yewwo ball is up!!!!"
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Lol! That is aweosme. I love hearing things from a kid's point of view.
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There needs to be a legal penalty for misleading the masses. And there needs to be an unbiased organisation that is in charge of deciding the verdict. Great eye opener post that shows how people in power choose to brainwash the masses. Keep it up!
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Which part is misleading the masses? If you are upwind of a nuclear blast and you hide behind a concrete wall, it will save your life. If you're in an earthquake (or close to a nuclear blast) and you hide under your desk, it can save you from the ceiling falling on your head.
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It would be wonderful if there were such an unbiased organization... but that is the true problem.
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I think the interesting part that needs to be questioned in this situation is how can a group of people ever be judged? The knee slap is when you wag your finger at those in power, inner-peace, after you just told everyone that you want to create a position of power, to punish those in power.
Of course the teacher would support such a benevolent power force, he's very critical of the government that probably certified him. The appearance of critical think is all it takes.
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Thank you for your efforts in fatherhood and educating the youth Good Sir! I never found a good woman to put up with me nor did I amount to much of anything but I try to emulate those of your stature to improve myself everyday of my 46th year. Thank you again.
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Don't be so hard on yourself. There is always time to make today better than yesterday. Plus you are on steemit now. This place is going to lead to so many new opportunites for people!
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In any crisis, people panic less if they have something they can DO to make them feel in control. Making these videos I'm sure made the government feel like they were doing something useful. The truth is, if we had had a nuclear war or incident the government would be in panic mode, and the true leaders would probably be the local people in community willing to make sacrifices to alleviate the suffering and restore order.
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Good points. I think the humor derives from how dated this is.
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Of course it is propaganda. Eisenhower warned of the military industrial complex. They wanted people to be scared enough to agree to larger than normal miltary expenditures, but not enough that things would come to a halt like you said in one part of the article. When people become afraid it turns on the "lizard" part of the brain and rational thinking becomes more difficult. Thanks for the post and the discussion.
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So many people try to take advantage of that "lizard brain".
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Very true. Thanks for teaching kids to think as well.
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I'm trying... but this is just a tiny step in the process. It takes a combined team effort of parents, teachers, families, community members and society as a whole to really make a difference.
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You cannot blame the public for the military spending because first the public is not the purse strings or responsible for that, and because the public doesn't need to agree to anything, period. Equally, you cannot blame the government for the one time it didn't need propaganda or to scare people, as the reality of the situation and the implications were not up for debate, the very scientists that made the weapon were scared shitless, some good propaganda.
Eisenhower warned but didn't name any names. He didn't divulge any worthwhile information, he pointed his finger much like you and everyone has been taught to do, at a group of people and blamed them, and made them the uncritical, the stoopid, the morons, o wait, that was just the majority of the commentary on this topic in regards to people of the 50-60's, what he did was blame them by saying "bad, bad, evil, evil men".
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Compartmentalization is a great way for the military everything complex to maintain plausible deniability. My grandad died of guilt in the form of alcoholism and alzheimers.
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Responsibility and blame lies with individuals not groups.
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First of all, thank you very much for your kindness in giving me a special gift of 6.983 STEEM.... Sorry, but I just noticed it in a minute! I followed you now! I much appreciate for your nice compliment and visiting my blog . I have to say "WOW" for your huge power and your kindness to all of us!
Excellent post and I think your students would be very happy during the class. ;)
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My pleasure! You have been so positive and active on here. You are encouraging many people to keep going. That is awesome!
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Thank you very much for your nice compliment once again! It's very kind of you! I highly appreciate it! :)
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After nuclear weapons were developed, it was realized what kind of danger they posed. The United States held a nuclear monopoly from the end of World War II until 1949, when the Soviets detonated their first nuclear device.
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And once that detonation happened, it was off to the races.
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The film was never shown in my schools, but we didn't need a film to make us aware of the danger. We were, after all, only a few miles distant from Moffet Field Naval Air Station (now Moffett Federal Airfield), a prime member of the San Francisco Bay Area target bullseye, there were air raid sirens on every block, and we were taught all the wrong stuff about how to deal with nukes... in school, we got on our knees, under our desks, something I always found pointless. At home, we filled the bathtub with water and hunkered down in the hallway of a wood-framed California rancher (1085 Blossom Drive, Santa Clara, California) which would have turned to dust at the first blast.
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Wow! That must have been frightening. I hope that I didn't belittle people's real fears during this time. That was not my intention.
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My best recollection (it was, after all, nearly 70 years ago) is that it wasn't at all frightening. It was simply "what was." In retrospect, it was silly, since we were the very definition of Ground Zero, and nothing we did would have saved us. I can tell you that I still recall the chilling sound of that siren - that did frighten me.
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Wow. I bet that was frightening. Thank you for sharing that perspective. I hadn't anticipated being able to hear from a primary source on this topic. I am so happy I did! Never underestimate the power of steemit.
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I doubt you were taught all the wrong stuff, if you are to survive a thermonuclear explosion you'd think that water and making yourself small and shielded by things would be much more productive than thinking that you cannot do anything short of a concrete bunker, which is about the dumbest and most pointless thing you can do in that situation since the distance from the center matters a lot to the damage dealt.
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When you live within a few miles of a prime military target, nothing is going to help.
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O yeah, everything gets turned to ash instantly, because nukes.
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When you're sitting on Ground Zero, that's exactly right.
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Sitting on ground zero, you mean you were one mile or less from the headquarters and armory, or any worthwhile targets?
Next you're going to say that the russians would have used nukes way more powerful than that, because why not be extremely excessive.
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I do not know exactly how far away Moffett Field was, but we could see the LTA hangers from my street, so yes, we were pretty damned close. In addition, the tract homes in our neighborhood were all wood-framed (they're still there) and would have quickly turned into toothpicks. The entire Bay Area is, of course, a prime target area...Mare Island, the Presidio, etc. , but none of that mattered to me - I was ten at the time.
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I adore these vintage instructional films, this is one of my favorites. Thanks for the excellent lessonplan you created using it. Both funny and profound. Followed and resteemed. I haven't ventured into steemit chat yet, but it sounds great! (I am a former educator.)
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Thanks! This is really just a tiny piece of the over all lesson but it is a fun way to get kids to have a discussion with two distinct points of view.
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han did not shoot first
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He did! If he didn't he would have been killed!
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No way I remember he shot and missed then han shot and killed him you cannot fool me.
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Never! The 2004 is Lucas propaganda ;)
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OH NOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO shit your right ok sorry. I am dumb you win han shot first one day I will win though or try to.
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LOL. I hope you know I was smiling the whole time.
Until next time...
https://steemit.com/life/@hanshotfirst/what-is-in-a-name-for-me-there-is-quite-a-bit
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Wow. I knew Han shot first. I didn't know it was even in question. This is my first time finding out it was whitewashed! When did Hollywood turn into a bunch of Puritans?
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Lol. Check out the remastering of ET. The Feds have no guns!
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Well I just got a history lesson. I was born in 88 so IT IS mostlikely I saw the originals and then saw the 1990s ones and then I have had seen a mixture of it. This problem where they censored movies is still continuing today. It has gotten worse and worse to the point where people are afraid to speak up! It makes video games music boring. Good thing we have innovation in everything else or we would be stagnant right now. Entertainment is weak now.
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Congratulations @hanshotfirst!
Your post was mentioned in my hit parade in the following category:
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Very nice post I Hope a lot of people will like it))
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Thanks!
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Resteemed and am following. Thanks for the article.
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Thanks! So what do you think? Propaganda or social awareness?
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upvote and resteem for u...
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Thanks!
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awesome post ;)
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Thanks!
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https://steemit.com/education/@steemiteducation/calling-all-educators
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Brilliant post. Send you a message in chat.
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