Biografi Teuku Nyak Arif

Teuku Nyak Arief was born in Ulèë Lheue, Kutaraja (now Banda Aceh) on July 17, 1899. His father was a Ulèë Balang named Teuku Nyak Banta, his mother named Cut Nyak Rayeuk. The position of Teuku Nyak Banta is as Panglima Sagi 26 Mukim of Aceh Besar area. Teuku Nyak Arief is the 3rd of 5 siblings, while Teuku Nyak Arief's brother is as follows:

Cut Nyak Asmah.
Cut Nyak Mariah.
Teuku Nyak Arief.
Cut Nyak Samsiah.
Teuku Mohd. Joseph.
Teuku Nyak Arief attended Volksschool (Kutai Rakyat) Kutaraja, he continued his education at King Kweekschool School in Bukit Tinggi, and then the OSVIA Civil Service School in Serang Banten. This school is specially organized by the Dutch for the children of Kings and Nobles from all over Indonesia.

National Movement Period [edit | edit source]
Teuku Nyak Arief is known as a great orator although always speak as necessary. Very fond of reading especially concerning politics and government and deepen knowledge of religion. It is therefore not surprising that at a young age he has been active in movement.

He was appointed chairman of the National Indische Partij Kutaraja branch in 1919. A year later succeeded his father as Commander of Sagi 26 Mukim. Then in 1927 he was appointed a member of the People's Council of the Volksraad until 1931.

Teuku Nyak Arief is one of the founders and members of the National Faction in the People's Council, chaired by Mohammad Husni Thamrin. On these occasions he generously contributed in the form of political struggle both for the welfare of the people and for independence [3]

Since 1932 T. Nyak Arif led the underground movement against the Dutch colonization in Aceh.

Teuku Nyak Arif is active in education improvement activities in Aceh, he and Mr. Teuku Muhammad Hasan founded Taman Siswa College in Kutaraja on July 11, 1937. In the institutional stance initiated by Ki Hajar Dewantara, T. Nyak Arif became secretary with Mr. Chairman. Teuku Muhammad Hasan.

With Mr. T. Hasan, he co-founded the organization of Atjehsche Studiefonds (Dana Pelajar Aceh) aimed at helping Acehnese children who are intelligent but unable to go to school.

In 1939 stood the Union of Ulama Aceh, abbreviated to PUSA, headed by Teungku Daud Beureu'eh. PUSA youths had relations with Japan in Malaya from 1940 to 1942. Then Japan used PUSA to weaken the Dutch in Aceh by all means. Teuku Nyak Arif was concerned about PUSA's steps and regarded it as a setback for the national movement.

The Occupation of Japan [edit | edit source]
At the end of the Dutch East Indies rule in Aceh (early 1942), Teuku Nyak Arif demanded to be handed over to power but was not granted by Aceh J. Pauw Resident, Nyak Arif rebelled against the Dutch East Indies government. Colonel Gosenson ordered KNIL / Marsose to attack T. Nyak Arif, but could be repulsed, though twice in a row his residence in Lamnyong was attacked by force. The event marked the start of the Dutch withdrawal from Aceh Besar.

Japan landed in Aceh on March 12, 1942 at Ujong Batee, Balohan Bay Pulau Weh and Kuala Bugak Peureulak East Aceh, greeted by the people with a fraternal spirit in accordance with Japanese propaganda that they came to Indonesia to free their brothers from the Dutch colonial hold.

At the beginning of Japan's presence in Aceh, the people assumed that the savior had arrived. Yet not long after the actions of pressure on the organization and political parties began to take place. As a result organizations such as Muhammadiyah, PUSA, Parindra suffered a setback even Taman Siswa was dissolved by Gunseibu, this lessen the people's sympathy towards Japan. People's hatred grew after Japan squeezed people's power for their project interests, such as making the Takengon-Blangkeujeren highway, the mountain of Satan Mountain. Air Field and others. As a result the people have no time to take care of personal interests, so their socio-economic situation is very sad.

The deterioration experienced by Japanese troops in the Greater East Asian War prompted the occupation government to establish Atjeh Shu Sangi Kai (Advisory Council of Aceh) on 17 November 1943 to attract the sympathy of elites and various groups in Aceh. This kind of legislative body led by Teuku Nyak Arief, consisting of 30 people, its members consist of various elite groups in Aceh. A year later Shu Sangi Kai's membership was expanded by Shu Tjokan (Resident Aceh) S. Iinoo.

In line with the politics of wanting to approach the people of various groups, then in July 1945 the Japanese authorities contacted the store