History & Development of Scanners

Understanding and Function of Scanner

Scanner is an electronic device whose function is similar to a photocopier. The photocopier of the results can be directly viewed on paper while the scanner results are displayed on the computer monitor screen first and then can be changed and modified so that the display and the results become good which can then be saved as text files, documents and images. Scanner is a tool that is used to scan a form or properties of objects, such as documents, photos, waves, temperature, used to take printed images (images, photos, writing) to be processed or displayed through a computer. The scanning results will generally transform the computer as digital data. The data that has been taken with the scanner can be entered directly into all computer computer applications that recognize ASCII text. The difference of each scanner from various brands lies in the use of technology and its resolution. Use of technology such as the use of digital buttons and lighting techniques.

Scanner function is a device that works by moving a data or several objects above the scanner lens into computer storage memory. So if above the scanner lens there is a paper containing text or images, then the data will be transferred to the computer as a whole. Along with the times, the scanner no longer only functions as a scanner. Now there is a multi-functional scanner which is a set of scanners that have printer, copy and fax functions. So the scanner function is more complete, because by having a multi-function scanner we can already copy a document in both black and white and color models.

Currently there are many brands of scanners on the market and among them are artificial scanners from the brands Hewlett Packard, EPSON, UMAX, CANON, Fujitsu and many others and what distinguishes from each brand lies in the use of technology and resolution. Use of technology such as the use of digital buttons and lighting techniques.

Scanner History

Scanner development began in 1975, when Ray Kurzweil and his team created the Kurzweil Reading Machine along with Omni-Font OCR (Optical Character Recognation) Technology software. This software functions to recognize text in objects that are scanned and translate it into data in text form.

From the very beginning of the development, scanner technology began and eventually continued to develop until now with technology that is progressing more and more. Now the scanner can be used to scan three-dimensional objects and negative films.

The shape and size of the scanner are various, there is a size the size of a folio paper there is also the size of a postcard, even the newest, pen-shaped new one launched by the company WizCom Technologies Inc. The pen-sized scanner can store up to 1,000 pages of printed text and then transfer it to a personal computer (PC). The pen-sized scanner is called Quicklink. The scanner pen is six inches long and weighs about three ounces. The scanner can do its work randomly faster than a flat scanner. Data that has been taken with the scanner, can be entered directly into all computer applications that recognize ASCII text.

At present, scanners are increasingly growing rapidly including output scanners from Canon, Hewlett Packard (HP), EPSON, UMAX, Panasonic, Samsung, Fujitsu, Lexmark and many other scanner brands that are growing rapidly as new technologies scanner.

The invention of the scanner is closely related to the development of photography technology, photocopying and optical machines. The inventor of the scanner was Robert S. Ledley born in New York, United States in 1926. Until finally in 1943 the CT Scanner was born that was able to scan the entire body from head to toe. The engine of the invention was called Automatic Computerized Transverse Axial (ACTA). In such a short history the discovery of scanners and the development of scanners from the beginning of their invention until now a new scanner with different technologies and cannons has been found and developed in the world by various companies as mentioned above.

Types of scanners:

1. Scanner-drum
   This type of drum scanner is a type of initial scanner that was developed. Drum scanners still use photomultiplier tubes (PMT) to read image data. This type produces high quality when compared to other types of scanners. Drum scanners are able to produce images with a resolution of up to 24,000 ppi, which means that the resulting image has high quality and hig resolution. Even though it has extraordinary advantages, this type of scanner is rarely used because the price is relatively expensive. However, this type is still used by parties who need the best quality results such as museums or artists.

2. Flatbed scanner
   Called a flatbed scanner because this scanner has a flat and flat shape like a bed. Flatbed scanners are the most commonly used type of scanner and are often found in the office and personal world. In addition to the relatively cheap price, this type can be characterized by its rectangular shape. Have a cover board, and a layer of glass where the image is placed. To use it you have to put pictures one by one for each shot.

3. Atomatic Document Feeder (ADF) Scanner
   Is a roller type scanner intended for the use of documents in large quantities. This scanner has its own container for storing documents to be scanned, then automatically all the documents will be drawn into the Roller Scanner machine in stages one by one. This type is recommended for offices, but has a relatively expensive price.

4. Scanner Manual Feeding
   This form of scanner is very small, the price is relatively cheap, between 1 to 3 million. The lens does not move, but the paper moves. The paper to be scanned must be sorted and entered 1 by 1, it cannot be stacked just like the printer. Scanning speed scanner models like this reach 3 pages per minute. This scanner is suitable for scanning dozens of documents, but it will be quite tiring if you use hundreds of documents.

5. Barcode Scanner
   Barcode scanner is a scanner that is used to move data stored in a specific code form. The data is then stored in a barcode. This type of scanner is often used to store data or to store certain information. Now this type of secanner is also widely used for the retail industry, for example for supermarkets or supermarkets.

6. Metal scanner
   Not only paper can be scanned but metal can also be scanned by using a metal scanner. This type of scanner is used to scan the presence of metals on certain objects.

Some types of scanners are very helpful for the community to facilitate their work. Scanners are one of the important tools that must be owned in companies or agencies, as well as to help you.

Scanner development

Nowadays scanners have experienced a lot of developments in both the technology and the form of the scanner itself. Besides that, the function of the scanner has also developed a lot, now there are scanners that are combined with printers, then scanner technology is also found without the need for special magnetic ink. And there is also a scanner that can be used without having to connect to a computer. It cannot be denied that in the future, there will be more and more sophisticated scanner products.

The components in the scanner

• The components in question are components on a flatbed scanner. These components are: a glass base is used as a container of the image to be read.
  Light Source A light source in the form of a lamp with a high enough light intensity will produce light directed to the image.
• Reflection sinal sensor The type commonly used for flat bed scanners is CCD (charge-coupled devices) sensors. This tool functions like an eye that will read reflected light from an image. To aim at the CCD, the reflected light from the image is directed using a number of mirrors and lens scanners.
• Stepper motor and serrated tape Because the data is read in line per line, it requires a stepper motor and a serrated band to move the lamp and CCD.
• The cover is used to avoid the incoming outer light, so the data read by the CCD is really reflected data from the image being read. In addition to these components there are of course many other components, but their functions and shapes can differ from one type of scanner to another

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