A rapid polio vaccination campaign has started in Gaza after the recent polio outbreak.

A welcomed development. There will be pauses in the fighting to allow the vaccinations to occur.

Since we are dealing with circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2), two rounds of oral polio vaccine (nOPV2) will be given to stop the outbreak. OPV is effective at stopping transmission during an active outbreak and is easy to administer making it ideal for this situation.

Polio vaccination was at 99% in Gaza before the war. It has since fallen considerably from the disruption of health services and displacement of Gazans.

Gaza had its first poliomyelitis case involving a 1 year old boy recently. The first poliomyelitis case in Gaza since 1988.

Israel has to be concerned about the threat of polio as well. Anti-vaxxer sentiment is relatively high among the Ultra-Orthodox in Israel. So it could spread to Israel if it isn't contained.

"Both Hamas and Israel have agreed to the pauses in the fighting to allow the vaccinations to take place, but the campaign will be tricky to execute. With much of Gaza’s infrastructure destroyed, and some 90 percent of the enclave’s roughly two million residents having repeatedly fled Israeli bombardment, it may be impossible to ensure the immunization of all of the enclave’s estimated 640,000 children under age 10."

"The campaign is expected to last for three days, with each humanitarian pause in place from early morning until midafternoon. There will be an option to extend the vaccine drive if necessary, and then local health officials will shift their focus to southern Gaza. The northern region of the enclave will be treated last, according to the staggered schedule announced by global health officials on Thursday.

Gazans received a text message from the health ministry on Saturday, announcing the beginning of the vaccination drive for children under 10 years old across different parts of the strip starting on Sept. 1."

Ukraine had a polio outbreak right before the Russian invasion. They conducted their emergency vaccination campaign amidst the invasion. And they were successful at stopping the transmission even amidst the massive displacement of Ukrainian refugees.
So it is certainly possible. But it will be especially difficult with the conditions in Gaza.