Problem for the subject - populist concept / part 6/

This belief in the repetition and ordering of things has been intensifying since the 15th century on its own as its speakers in the sphere of FI knowledge are Ib Haldum, Bocchal, Hegel, Marx and Engels, Toynbee, etc. Unlike the determinism, determinism overlaps the idea of ​​the causal the necessary and legitimate nature of the processes in nature and society, but the causality, necessity and regularity itself was perceived differently from its individual representatives.

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In some cases, it has been absolutized and understood as phatum, ie. such as the so-called a solid fate beyond which nothing happens. In other cases, it was perceived as a fabric or a forte, ie, a sympathetic destiny that allows freedom and chance. From these two understandings of necessity, the two previously mentioned forms of determinism, namely the unambiguous with Laplace and the French materialists, and the general with representatives Hegel, Marx, Engels, Berdjaev, are derived from these two understandings of necessity. Unambiguous determinism is a direct and categorical denial of indexing. For him, all processes in nature and society are necessary. They go through a certain plan or law that they can not go beyond. Here, the source of the plan is indifferent. When this source is a god, all human history is presented as a pre-determined history, but it is pointed out as such, and when nature is presented as the subject of the plan.

Thus, the unequivocal determinism bearing in itself a great deal of theology reaches fatalism. This is also the reason why it is criticized by the representatives of INDUSTRIALISM, who do not always make a difference between it and the general determinism. This is the case, for example, with Popper, which reduces Marx's determinism to unambiguous determinism and criticizes it. In fact, Marx and Engels are too far from such an understanding of determinism. All the weaknesses of unambiguous or classical determinism derive from ignoring or underestimating the role of the conditions in which the socially historical and natural processes take place. His thesis that the same causes can not lead to the same consequences does not contradict what demonstrates reality.