on part 1:

1.principle of silencer

To know the principle of the silencer, you need to know why the gun is producing noise.

When the ammo is fired from the pistol, the shot's charge is burned out, pushing the warhead.

The flue gas exits the muzzle, it expands the surrounding air.

This makes the noise of the gun.

This is the shape of a typical silencer, which has many septum-shaped structures inside the cylinder.

If it's a general gun, the flue gas will come out of the muzzle.

When the silencer is installed, the combustion gas in the muffler expands sequentially between the partition walls and the power is reduced.

Therefore, the noise is greatly reduced.

When comparing the presence or absence of the silencer, it is obvious that the power of the combustion gas exiting the muzzle is changed.

There are two types of silencers.

The first is a partition.

The second is a barrier.

This is the Hush Puppy Mk 2 pistol silencer developed by the US Navy. (Not applicable to rifles)

While partition walls distribute the combustion gas to the space between the partition walls to reduce the noise,

the barrier is covered with a soft polymer material like a sponge inside the cylinder.

When the bullet first pushes the barrier, the combustion gas coming from the back is blocked by the barrier

Therefore, the combustion gas is slowly burned in the inside, and the power is reduced when it exits the muzzle.

The noise reduction effect of the barrier is better than the barrier type.

However, this barrier is not durable as the warhead penetrates through the polymer material.

Also, the kinetic energy of the warhead can not be applied to rifles that are too powerful, and can only be used as a pistol silencer.

Therefore, this shield is not used unless it is a special mission that must never make noise in US special forces.