April 22, 2020 (updated May 7, 2020). People are questioning whether there is a relationship between the rollout of 5G and the number and severity of covid-19 cases in various countries. Claims have been made that the highest number of deaths attributed to covid-19 are in those places that deployed 5G during the past 2 years. So I decided to look into the matter but found it difficult to get accurate and consistent data about 5G globally so I decided to narrow my range to the United States.
I eventually found which U.S. cities had 5G coverage as of April 21, 2020 and compared those locations to covid-19 statistics for April 22, 2020.
In the U.S. there were four major telecom providers (Sprint, T-Mobile, Verizon and AT&T) until Sprint and T-Mobile merged. They use different frequencies and currently coverage is patchy at best.
5G consists of three frequency bands that can be labeled sub 1 GHz (i.e. below 1 GHz); sub 6 GHz and then much higher frequencies called mmwaves. Some states have 5G mmWaves while others do not. Angela Tsiang did an assessment of these states that is at the bottom of this webpage.
NOTE: 5G and 5 GHz are not the same. 5 GHz refers to a specific frequency (5 billion cycles per second) and 5G refers to a specific technology that relies on multiple frequencies.
Currently there are 58 cities in 32 states that have some form of 5G. Some states have only 1 provider while others have as many as four (if we consider Sprint and T-Mobile separately, for the time being). The number of cities with 5G within each state also varies with California having the most cities (nine) with 5G.
I compared the average number of cases, deaths, and tests for covid-19 per million population in states with and without 5G and this is what I found (Table 1). Note: The data are standardized for population, which enables us to compare states with smaller and larger populations.
The average (mean) number of covid-19 tests per 1 million people is similar for the have (with 5G) and have not (without 5G) states. Covid-19 cases per million are 95% higher and covid-19 deaths per million are 126% higher in states with 5G. Whether these results are due to some factor other than 5G and whether this association will persist as time goes on remains to be seen.
Here is another way of looking at the data. Note the log scale.
These data are changing daily and ideally they should be reassessed once we are past the peak of cases and deaths and once corrections are made for actual covid-19 deaths as opposed to other causes like the flu and co-morbidity.
Angela Tsiang reassessed the state data and differentiated between states with and without mmWave 5G. Her results are below in a table and two graphs.
Table 2. Covid-19 cases, deaths and tests standardized for population density (data courtesy of A. Tsiang).
Data are graphed below for cases and deaths attributed to covid-19 arranged by states that are with/without 5G mmWaves.
28 июля 2020 года МТС получил лицензию на оказание услуг мобильной связи стандарта 5G в диапазоне 24,25-24,65 ГГц в 83 регионах страны.
Иными словами 5G работает в радио диапазоне выделяемом государством. У нас в стране это 24.25 и 24.65ГГц
On July 28, 2020, MTS received a license to provide mobile communication services of the 5G standard in the range of 24.25-24.65 GHz in 83 regions of the country.
In other words, 5G operates in the radio range allocated by the state. In our country, this is 24.25 and 24.65 GHz
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