On December 1st, it was the world AIDS day. This year, my country's publicity activities theme "Life is ended with HIV health and equality." What is AIDS? What is the spread path? How should I prevent it? The reporter of the People's Network interviewed Director Dong Li, director of the Infectious Diseases of the Infectious Diseases of the Infectious Diseases of the Infectious Diseases of the Infectious Diseases of the Infectious Diseases of the People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University.
"AIDS, that is, obtained sexual immunodeficiency syndrome, the pathogens of the disease is human immunodeficiency virus (hereinafter referred to as HIV), also known as HIV." Director Dong Li said that the virus mainly violated, destroying CD4 + T lymphocytes, leading to The cellular immune function of the infected person is damaged, eventually causing a variety of serious opportunistic infections and tumors, endangering life.
Dr. Dong Li introduced that patients from the initial infection hiv to the end of the final period of a relatively long complex process, which will experience a variety of clinical manifestations associated with it. According to the clinical manifestations and symptoms, signs, the disease is divided into an acute phase, asymptomatic period, and AIDS. Since the early stage of HIV infection lacks typical symptoms or has no obvious symptoms, patients are extremely negligible. Clinically, many of the first-diagnosed HIV infected people have entered the "AIDS" and lost the best treatment time. At this stage, the patient immune function is extremely defect, which is prone to various infections and tumors, and is also the main crowd of death due to AIDS.
"HIV-infected people and AIDS patients are the only infectious source of AIDS, with unspectived HIV-infected people to become more important infection sources due to not being preserved." Dr. Dong Li said that HIV is mainly present in the blood of HIV-infected people. , Semen, vaginal secretions, saliva, tears and milk equivalents.
Dr. Dong Li suggested that there are three pathways of HIV, one is to use sexual contact, unsafe behavior is the main cause of AIDS transmission, including insecurity, isotropic, opposite sex, and bobbin contact. The second is to spread through blood and blood products, including shared needle intravenous drugs, inputting blood products contaminated by HIV, an unsafe standards of interventional medical operations. The third is to spread through maternal and child, mainly in three stages of pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding, viruses via the placenta, maneuvers and milk to the fetus or baby.
"Have so far, HIV vaccines are still in the research stage, so the prevention of AIDS is especially important." Director Dong Li said that it is necessary to understand the harm of AIDS and common spread paths; away from drugs, resist drugs, avoid common syringe injection drug abuse; avoid May be infected with the high-risk behavior of AIDS, if a high-risk behavior is self-screening; HIV-infected spouse or sexual partner, a unclean actor, etc. AIDS high-risk population, to properly use a condom, take safety behavior, regularly Hospital for HIV-infection screening, etc .; do not share razors, toothbrushes, etc.