Chemotherapy, often referred to as chemo, is a standard cancer treatment that uses powerful drugs to kill cancer cells. While it can be highly effective, it has various side effects due to its impact on cancerous and healthy cells. Understanding these effects can help patients and their loved ones better prepare for and manage the treatment process.
Fatigue
One of the main effects of chemotherapy is fatigue. Patients often feel tired and lack energy, which can be overwhelming and interfere with regular activities. This fatigue can be due to the body working hard to repair the damage made by the chemo drugs, a decrease in red blood cells, or other factors like stress and poor nutrition. Patients must rest, eat a healthy diet for glowing skin , and exercise to help with fatigue.
Nausea and vomiting
Many patients experience nausea and vomiting in chemotherapy. These symptoms can occur immediately after treatment or be delayed by a few hours or days. Anti-nausea medications prescribed by the doctor can help manage these symptoms. Eating small, frequent meals and avoiding heavy, greasy foods can lessen discomfort.
Increased risk of infections
Chemo drugs can weaken the immune system by reducing the number of white blood cells, making patients more prone to infections. Patients should take some precautions to avoid exposure to germs, such as practising good hygiene, avoiding large crowds, and staying away from people who are sick. If an infection occurs, it’s crucial to seek medical attention promptly.
Mouth sores and changes in taste
Chemotherapy can cause mouth sores and changes in taste, making it difficult to eat and enjoy food. Mouth sores can be painful and may lead to infections if not appropriately managed. A gentle toothbrush, avoiding spicy or acidic foods, and rinsing the mouth with a saltwater solution can help with discomfort. Changes in taste usually improve after treatment ends.
Hair loss
One of the core effects of chemo on the body is hair loss. The drugs taken in chemotherapy target rapidly dividing cells, including hair follicles. As a result, patients may lose hair on their scalp, eyebrows, eyelashes, and other body parts. Hair loss generally begins a few weeks after starting treatment and can be emotionally distressing. However, hair typically grows back after the treatment ends.
Skin and nail changes Patients may notice changes in their skin and nails during chemotherapy. Skin may become dry, itchy, or sensitive to sunlight, and nails can become brittle or discolored. Using gentle skincare products, keeping the skin moisturised, and protecting it from the sun can help manage these changes. It’s also important to report any severe or persistent symptoms to a healthcare provider. Conclusion Chemotherapy is a significant tool in the fight against cancer, but it comes with a range of side effects that can impact the body in various ways. By understanding these potential effects, patients can maintain quality of life during treatment.