Chinese anger after terracotta warrior's thumb stolen in US

Chinese authorities are livid over the theft of a thumb from a 2,000-year-old terracotta warrior on loan to a US museum, calling for the perpetrator to be "severely" punished.

Chinese anger after terracotta warrior's thumb stolen in US
CNN Digital Expansion 2017. Ben Westcott
By Ellie Kaufman and Ben Westcott, CNN

2,000-year-old statue has thumb stolen 01:18
(CNN)Chinese authorities are livid over the theft of a thumb from a 2,000-year-old terracotta warrior on loan to a US museum, calling for the perpetrator to be "severely" punished.

The ancient statue is valued at $4.5 million and considered a "priceless part of China's cultural heritage." It was on display at Philadelphia's Franklin Institute when the vandalism took place.
"We call on the United States to severely punish those who have done [this]," Shaanxi Provincial Cultural Relic Exchange Center's director told the Beijing Youth Daily, a state-run Chinese newspaper.
The warrior statues date back to 209 B.C., when the Qin Dynasty ruled China. The life-size statues were constructed to guard the tomb of China's first emperor, Qin Shi Huang. Now a UN world heritage site, they were discovered by a Chinese farmer in 1974 in Shaanxi province, according to the Franklin Institute's exhibit page.
Pit 3 is the smallest among the three Terracotta Army pits, but it houses the highest-ranked commanders of the army, as well as war chariots.
Photos:
Prestige pit – Pit 3 is the smallest among the three Terracotta Army pits, but it houses the highest-ranked commanders of the army, as well as war chariots.
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Not everyone has the same reaction to the figure. Fiona Gazzola, a 15-year-old British girl on a school trip, told CNN she found the warriors chilling. "It made me realize how powerful the emperor was, and he was quite selfish," she said. "He built all these warriors for the afterlife just for himself, and it cost a lot of people's lives and a lot of time."
Photos:
Selfish emperor? – Not everyone has the same reaction to the figure. Fiona Gazzola, a 15-year-old British girl on a school trip, told CNN she found the warriors chilling. "It made me realize how powerful the emperor was, and he was quite selfish," she said. "He built all these warriors for the afterlife just for himself, and it cost a lot of people's lives and a lot of time."
Excavation and restoration of terra-cotta figures is ongoing. In coming years, hundreds of warriors are expected to be restored from pottery pieces dug from the museum's three main pits.
More to come – Excavation and restoration of terra-cotta figures is ongoing. In coming years, hundreds of warriors are expected to be restored from pottery pieces dug from the museum's three main pits.
Hide Caption
Near the Terra-cotta Army, Chinese archaeologists discovered hundreds of pits with buried funeral treasures. This bronze chariot excavated in 1980 highlights the metallurgical technology in the Qin Dynasty. It's believed it was meant to serve as the emperor's ride into the afterlife.
Photos:
Not just soldiers – Near the Terra-cotta Army, Chinese archaeologists discovered hundreds of pits with buried funeral treasures. This bronze chariot excavated in 1980 highlights the metallurgical technology in the Qin Dynasty. It's believed it was meant to serve as the emperor's ride into the afterlife.
Hide Caption
Each year, millions visit the Terra-cotta Army. It's located in Lintong, 25 miles from the Xi'an city center. The entire area benefits from tourism, which generated 4.6 billion yuan ($720 million) in 2014, according to the local government.
Each year, millions visit the Terra-cotta Army. It's located in Lintong, 25 miles from the Xi'an city center. The entire area benefits from tourism, which generated 4.6 billion yuan ($720 million) in 2014, according to the local government.
Hide Caption
Excavation of the world's largest underground army started after local farmers discovered the first Terra-cotta warrior while digging a well in 1974 in Xi'an, China.
Photos:
Xi'an's Terra-cotta Army – Excavation of the world's largest underground army started after local farmers discovered the first Terra-cotta warrior while digging a well in 1974 in Xi'an, China.
Hide Caption
Pit 1 is the largest and most famous excavation site of terra-cotta soldiers. Some 6,000 warriors have been discovered here, but the majority remain unearthed.
Big dig – Pit 1 is the largest and most famous excavation site of terra-cotta soldiers. Some 6,000 warriors have been discovered here, but the majority remain unearthed.
The army is only party of a garrison in the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, the ruler who first unified various Chinese states in 221 BC. Experts say the Terra-cotta Army showcases the high level of craftsmanship in play 2,200 years ago.
Royal work – The army is only party of a garrison in the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, the ruler who first unified various Chinese states in 221 BC. Experts say the Terra-cotta Army showcases the high level of craftsmanship in play 2,200 years ago.
The most famous warrior statue depicts a crossbow soldier. It was excavated from Pit 2 in 1994.
Ancient arms – The most famous warrior statue depicts a crossbow soldier. It was excavated from Pit 2 in 1994.
Details were painstakingly sculpted by ancient craftsmen -- even fingernails can be clearly seen.
Exquisite carving – Details were painstakingly sculpted by ancient craftsmen -- even fingernails can be clearly seen.
Pit 3 is the smallest among the three Terracotta Army pits, but it houses the highest-ranked commanders of the army, as well as war chariots.
Prestige pit – Pit 3 is the smallest among the three Terracotta Army pits, but it houses the highest-ranked commanders of the army, as well as war chariots.
Not everyone has the same reaction to the figure. Fiona Gazzola, a 15-year-old British girl on a school trip, told CNN she found the warriors chilling. "It made me realize how powerful the emperor was, and he was quite selfish," she said. "He built all these warriors for the afterlife just for himself, and it cost a lot of people's lives and a lot of time."
Selfish emperor? – Not everyone has the same reaction to the figure. Fiona Gazzola, a 15-year-old British girl on a school trip, told CNN she found the warriors chilling. "It made me realize how powerful the emperor was, and he was quite selfish," she said. "He built all these warriors for the afterlife just for himself, and it cost a lot of people's lives and a lot of time."
Excavation and restoration of terra-cotta figures is ongoing. In coming years, hundreds of warriors are expected to be restored from pottery pieces dug from the museum's three main pits.
More to come – Excavation and restoration of terra-cotta figures is ongoing. In coming years, hundreds of warriors are expected to be restored from pottery pieces dug from the museum's three main pits.
Near the Terra-cotta Army, Chinese archaeologists discovered hundreds of pits with buried funeral treasures. This bronze chariot excavated in 1980 highlights the metallurgical technology in the Qin Dynasty. It's believed it was meant to serve as the emperor's ride into the afterlife.
Not just soldiers – Near the Terra-cotta Army, Chinese archaeologists discovered hundreds of pits with buried funeral treasures. This bronze chariot excavated in 1980 highlights the metallurgical technology in the Qin Dynasty. It's believed it was meant to serve as the emperor's ride into the afterlife.
Each year, millions visit the Terra-cotta Army. It's located in Lintong, 25 miles from the Xi'an city center. The entire area benefits from tourism, which generated 4.6 billion yuan ($720 million) in 2014, according to the local government.
Each year, millions visit the Terra-cotta Army. It's located in Lintong, 25 miles from the Xi'an city center. The entire area benefits from tourism, which generated 4.6 billion yuan ($720 million) in 2014, according to the local government.
Excavation of the world's largest underground army started after local farmers discovered the first Terra-cotta warrior while digging a well in 1974 in Xi'an, China.
Xi'an's Terra-cotta Army – Excavation of the world's largest underground army started after local farmers discovered the first Terra-cotta warrior while digging a well in 1974 in Xi'an, China.
Pit 1 is the largest and most famous excavation site of terra-cotta soldiers. Some 6,000 warriors have been discovered here, but the majority remain unearthed.
Big dig – Pit 1 is the largest and most famous excavation site of terra-cotta soldiers. Some 6,000 warriors have been discovered here, but the majority remain unearthed.
The army is only party of a garrison in the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, the ruler who first unified various Chinese states in 221 BC. Experts say the Terra-cotta Army showcases the high level of craftsmanship in play 2,200 years ago.
Royal work – The army is only party of a garrison in the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, the ruler who first unified various Chinese states in 221 BC. Experts say the Terra-cotta Army showcases the high level of craftsmanship in play 2,200 years ago.
The most famous warrior statue depicts a crossbow soldier. It was excavated from Pit 2 in 1994.
Ancient arms – The most famous warrior statue depicts a crossbow soldier. It was excavated from Pit 2 in 1994.
Details were painstakingly sculpted by ancient craftsmen -- even fingernails can be clearly seen.
Exquisite carving – Details were painstakingly sculpted by ancient craftsmen -- even fingernails can be clearly seen.
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Delaware-resident Michael Rohana was arrested last week, US officials said, accused of stealing the thumb in December during an ugly sweater party hosted by the museum.
During the event, Rohana and a few of his friends entered the closed off terracotta warrior exhibit, and after his friends left, Rohana took a selfie with one of the statues, according to surveillance footage and court documents.
He then put his hand on the left hand of one of the warriors and snapped something off, the documents said. Rohana pocketed the warrior's thumb and took it home with him to Delaware that evening.
A museum worker discovered the missing thumb on January 8, and the FBI Art Crime Unit began to investigate. Surveillance video helped lead the FBI to both the thumb and their suspect, Rohana.
One of the people who went to the museum with Rohana told law enforcement officials that on the ride back to Delaware, Rohana was bragging about sneaking into the exhibit and having a thumb from one of the warriors.
When FBI agent Jacob Archer went to interview Rohana and asked if he had anything "that he wanted to turn over to the FBI," Rohana handed over the thumb, which was in the desk in his bedroom.
Rohana has been charged with theft of an object of cultural heritage from a museum, concealment of an object of cultural heritage stolen from a museum, and interstate transportation of stolen goods.
He was released on bail on February 13. Rohana did not immediately respond to CNN's request for comment.
Some Chinese social media users were scathing in their criticism of the museum and the United States for failing to take care of their country's cultural artifacts.
"The warriors in Xi'an are kept far away from the public. How come the sculptures in Philadelphia are not displayed inside glass cases?" one user on Weibo said.
Others said the vandalism was ironic given the reputation Chinese tourists have gained for bad behavior on vacation. "It seems the Americans are guilty of that too. See how the tables have been turned," said another Weibo user.
The Shaanxi Provincial Cultural Relic Exchange Center plans to send two experts to the United States to repair the thumb, according to China's state news agency Xinhua.
Over the past 40 years, the center has organized about 260 exhibits around the world featuring the warriors, and there has never been a situation like this, an official told Xinhua.