There is one of the most noble art palaces in Paris, France-Louvre Boom. Among the numerous treasures in its collection, there is a bronze statue made in the 9th century. Thousands of French, Germans, Italians, and visitors from other countries came to the bronze statue in an endless stream, admiring the style of the ancient hero who rode on a tall horse in awe. But seeing him, Shenjun's left front leg under the crotch is slightly bent, and his right hind leg is slightly raised, as if walking slowly; the person on the horse sits upright, the burly body is sturdy and straight, the left hand is holding the golden ball that symbolizes authority, and the right hand is holding the symbol. Sword of strength, long robe with a crown, straight nose and wide mouth, thick moustache, piercing eyes looking straight ahead, all revealing the solemn, mighty and mighty temperament of the emperor's family. This hero is Charles the Great, the greatest ruler of the ancient Frankish country.
Charlie (Mann) was the king of Frank, the conqueror of Saxony, the founder of the Holy Roman Empire, and one of the earliest monarchs in European history.
Charlie was born near the city of Aachen in 741, which later became his capital. His father is the dwarf Wang Peping, and his grandfather is the great Frankish leader Charles Martel. Martel won the Battle of Tur in 732 and shattered the Muslim plan of action to conquer France. In 751, Pepin declared himself the Frankish king, thus ending the rule of the incompetent Merovingian dynasty and establishing the Carolingian dynasty. Piping died in 768, and the Frankish kingdom was divided between Charlie and his eldest brother Carloman. Carloman died suddenly in 771, which was lucky for the unity of Charlie and Frank, making the 29-year-old Charlie the only monarch of the Frankish kingdom, which was already the most powerful country in Spain at that time.
When Charlie reached the extreme, the Frankish kingdom mainly included today's France, Belgium, and Switzerland, as well as many areas of today's Netherlands and Germany. Charlie lost no time in expanding his territory. During his 46 years in power, he has launched 55 conquest wars, forcing many different tribes and tribes to submit to his rule. The territory of the Frankish kingdom has doubled in his hands, including the territories of Germany, France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Austria, Italy and part of Spain.
Because of Charlie's many victories in wars, he succeeded in making most of Western Europe under his unified leadership. Since the fall of the Roman Empire, Europe has not had such a vast territory controlled by a single country.
Throughout his reign, Charlie has insisted on maintaining a close political alliance with the Pope. But during Charlie's lifetime, people can clearly see that the always dominant partner is Charlie, not the Pope. On Christmas Day 800 AD, Pope Leo III put a crown on Charles' head and declared him Emperor of Rome. The pope announced loudly: "God crowned Emperor Charles! This great Roman emperor who brought peace to the world has no borders and eternal victory." Then, the nobles of Rome began to praise the historic poem. "Augustus Charlie! Put on a golden crown by the order of God! God bless me, the Roman emperor, and grant him peace and victory!" Cheers in the church thundered and cheered Charlie as the heir of the ancient Roman Empire and the protector of the Christian world. .
Since then, the "Frankish Kingdom" has become the "Charlie Empire"; the "King Charlie" has become "Charlemagne", and "Man" means the Great. In main terms, this means that the Western Roman Empire, which was destroyed more than three centuries ago, is being restored, and Charlemagne is now the legal heir of Augustus Caesar.
Charlie's performance and talents are not limited to military conquest, he has outstanding achievements in administration, justice, military systems, and economic production management. Especially in terms of culture and education, the achievements are particularly outstanding, which laid the foundation for the development of medieval civilization and played a role in inheriting the past.
In the 8th century AD, the cultural traditions of ancient Greece and Rome had long been destroyed with the decline of many cities. The public and private collections of the Roman era gradually disappeared after the fifth and sixth centuries. Therefore, the subjects of the Charlie Empire were almost all illiterate, even Charles the Great himself and many of the noble ministers in the court were mostly illiterate. Charlie felt that without cultural knowledge, he could not manage the country well, so he set up a school in the court to cultivate talents. This is the origin of the Western European School in the Middle Ages. He extensively recruited well-known scholars from all over Europe to impart knowledge and knowledge to the court. The most famous person was Alcuin from England.
In the court school, Charlie deliberately selected three kinds of children to go to school, namely, children from famous families, middle schools, and poor families. Every once in a while, Charlie called the students together and checked their homework personally. After the examination, he cordially said to the students who have learned well: "My children, you must continue to study, and I will give you the bishop's district and the gorgeous monastery. You will always be glorious." To those who have learned poorly The student of, then angrily reprimanded: "I despise your noble background and beautiful clothes! I swear, unless you study hard and make up for your laziness in the past, you will never get any of my favor." He When we say that we do what we say, we often promote the poorest children who have learned the best and give them higher positions, which shows the spirit of "not sticking to one pattern to reduce talents."
Charlie also issued an edict to urge churches and monasteries to set up schools, teach knowledge and culture, search and copy classical and early Christian works, so that they can be preserved and spread. These achievements of Charlie won loud applause from some Western historians, and were praised as the "Carolingian Renaissance". At that time, when Europe was in a rough, ignorant and chaotic situation, Charlie's deeds were indeed commendable. His achievements and practices are also very obvious. During the 46 years of his rule, Frank's cultural education has developed significantly over the past few centuries.
In the winter of 813-814 AD, the weather in Western Europe was extremely cold, with heavy snow covering the mountains, forests and fields, and dripping water into ice. However, Emperor Charles insisted on going out hunting. As a result, he caught a cold while hunting, developed a high fever, and inflamed his lungs and pleura. The doctor was helpless and did not dare to prescribe medicine. In February 814, he died in the capital Achen Palace at the age of 72.