Image: George P. Lewis/Studio Kurkdjian/National Gallery of Australia
The photo above is a village of the Tenggerese in the Tosari area, East Java circa 1910 by George P. Lewis published by Studio Kurkdjian in Surabaya. The houses of the Tenggerese who inhabit the Bromo-Tengger-Semeru mountain area are clearly visible.
The Tenggerese who originally inhabited the lowlands were forced to flee to the mountains because they were pressed by the changing political situation with the collapse of the Hindu-style Majapahit Kingdom being replaced by an Islamic-style kingdom. They firmly adhere to Hindu teachings to this day.