I don’t know how anyone has it, but for me, a warm winter winds up unkind thoughts. If earlier no one paid attention to the alarming statements of scientists about global warming, now everyone can feel its influence on themselves.
Much has been written about the harmfulness of human activity in relation to nature, but the main thing is how to stop this process.
Today, every schoolchild, not to mention the adult generation, knows that in order to improve the state of the environment, it is necessary to switch to renewable energy sources. What are the sources of green energy today and what is their balance in the global energy sector?
The list of the most popular sources of renewable energy in the world at the end of 2018 included hydropower, wind energy, solar energy, bioenergy and geothermal energy.
Experts and analysts predict that by 2035, green generation will account for more than half of the world's electricity production.
Hydropower is recognized as the most popular source of renewable energy . The global global capacity of all the world's hydroelectric power plants exceeds 1.2 TW (1 TW = 10 * 10 8 kW), which is 54% of the global renewable energy capacity and more than 18% of all sources of electricity production in the world.
The largest hydropower plant in the world with a capacity of 22.5 GW (1 GW = 10 * 10 5 kW) is located in China, which now holds the leading position in the global hydropower industry. Other record-breaking stations are located in Brazil, the USA and Canada.
“ It is worth noting that in recent years, hydropower projects have become controversial due to the environmental and social impacts associated with biodiversity and human relocation, ” the columnist notes.
The second place in the list of the most popular "green" sources is occupied by wind energy, the global global capacity of which in 2018 exceeded 563 GW. This is about 24% of the total renewable energy capacity in the world.
The two largest operators of wind energy facilities are China (over 184 GW) and the United States (about 94 GW). At the same time, Germany, Spain, India, Great Britain, Italy, France, Brazil, Canada and Portugal are other large wind energy countries, which together with China and the United States account for more than 85% of the total wind energy capacity in the world ( Ukraine 0.533 GW , ed. ).
It should be noted that the most powerful wind farm in the world with a capacity of 8 GW is located in China.
Solar energy is in third place on the list , with a total global volume of 486 GW. Although photovoltaic generation (solar panels) is dominant, solar concentrating technologies are also gaining popularity (solar thermal plants).
Total solar energy capacity has grown at an annual rate of 25% on average over the past five years, making solar power the fastest growing renewable energy source. Asia accounted for about 70% of the total 94 GW of global solar expansion in 2018.
Noor Abu Dhabi solar with a capacity of 1.17 GW in the United Arab Emirates is recognized as the largest solar power plant in the world.
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Bioenergy is the fourth largest renewable energy source . The world's net power generation from biomass is now over 117 GW, while global bio-power generation has increased from 317 kW. h in 2010 to more than 495 kW. h in 2018.
The fifth place on the list is occupied by geothermal energy . Its global global capacity exceeded 13.2 GW in 2018, making it the fifth largest renewable source for electricity generation. The USA, the Philippines, Indonesia, Mexico and Italy are among the five largest producers of geothermal energy in the world.
By the end of the new decade, the share of renewable energy sources should increase to 57% globally. Today it is 26%.
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