(European Southern Observatory/L. Calçada)
Astronomers have withdrawn a paper about the discovery of a candidate exogiant orbiting one of the stars of the triple system HD 131399, which was discovered 5 years ago.
It turned out that this is a dwarf star moving rapidly through the Milky Way, which is not physically connected in any way with HD 131399.
The search for and study of the properties of exoplanets in systems containing two or more stars are extremely important for testing models of the formation and dynamics of such objects, since there are a lot of multiple stars in the Milky Way.
HD 131399 is a young (approximately 16 million years old) triple star system that is part of the Scorpius-Centaurus OB association and lies about 320 light-years from the Sun.
The system consists of an A-type star and a close pair of G- and K-type stars located at a distance of more than 300 astronomical units from it.
In 2016, astronomers at the University of Arizona announced that they had obtained a direct image of the exogiant HD 131399 Ab, which is in a wide orbit around the system's main star, using the VLT's SPHERE instrument.
However, in 2017, another group of astronomers led by Eric L. Nielsen of Stanford University reported a reanalysis of the SPHERE data, as well as observational data from the Keck and Gemini observatories.
They revealed that the motion pattern of HD 131399 Ab does not correspond to an exoplanet physically associated with the star, and does not correspond to a fixed background star at an infinitely large distance.
The scientists hypothesized that HD 131399 Ab is actually a K or M-type background dwarf star that has a relatively high intrinsic velocity.
In 2022, astronomers led by Kevin Wagner of the University of Arizona, who originally discovered the exoplanet candidate HD 131399 Ab, published the results of a survey of 84 A-type stars using the SPHERE receiver
The task was to estimate the frequency of occurrence of planets- giants in wide orbits around such luminaries, and the HD 131399 system was one of the observation targets.
Due to the fact that the data collected by astronomers covered a longer time period than in the original study, scientists were able to refine the parameters of the movement of HD 131399 Ab.
It made sure that they do not correspond to a body physically associated with the star, and the parallax of the star HD 131399A, at least , several times greater than that of the exoplanet candidate, indicating that they are at significantly different distances from the Sun.
As a result, astronomers came to the conclusion that HD 131399 Ab is indeed a background source of radiation, and not an exoplanet, and withdrew the article about its discovery from the journal.
Source:
- Science: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abq1709
- Space.com: https://www.space.com/three-stars-planet-discovery-retraction
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