"Basic Knowledge in Agriculture"

Photosynthesis is a means by which plants can gain energy through sunlight and water. It is one of the methods of controlling the high yield of crops in agriculture. More crops are harvested because of photosynthesis and crops don't lack nutrients through this process.

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In your own words, what is photosynthesis, and what importance is it in agriculture?

Photosynthesis can be defined as process through which plants make use of water, sunlight and carbon dioxide in other to create energy and oxygen in the form of sugar. Photosynthesis can also be seen as a means where by green plants turn carbon dioxide and water into food using the energy which they have gotten from the sunlight.

Importance of photosynthesis in agriculture

1. Photosynthesis can be a means by which solar energy can be converted into organic matter.

2. Photosynthesis is what helps plants to receive molecular oxygen into the atmosphere.

3. Photosynthesis takes care of the amount of oxygen consumed by every plant thereby maintaining the level of the atmospheric oxygen.

4. Photosynthesis helps crops to gain more fertility and produce crops in a large quantity, it is on of the major factors responsible for high yield of crops.

5. Photosynthesis provides crops with carbon dioxide which is necessary for their survival as plants.

What are the key essential nutrients required by plants, and what role does each of them play in plant growth?

Green plants require a lot nutrients to grow and mature in a suitable way and here are the nutrients required by plants below.

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1. Potassium.

2. Phosphorus.

3. Carbon.

4. Oxygen.

5. Nitrogen

6. Hydrogen.

Here are the various roles which they perform in the growth of green plants.

1. Potassium

Potassium is one of the most required nutrients required by plants and are usually about the movement of water, carbohydrates and nutrients in the tissue of plants. It has to do the action of enzymes within plant cells, that involves starch, protein and adenosine triphosphate production, this Adenosine triphosphate production helps to regulate the rate of photosynthesis in plants.

1. Phosphorus

Phosphorus is indeed essential in the maintenance, growth and repair of the cells and tissues of plants, and also the formation of genetic building blocks such as RNA & DNA.

Phosphorus is responsible for the proper growth of the roots of crops, protects the seeds from erosion by making the ground to cover quickly, helps in the early shoot out of crops. This nutrient also helps to make the vegetables produce in large quantities and qualities and also makes them last long before consumption.

1. Carbon

Carbon also gives plants structural building blocks and provides them with energy and helps them to adapt to the environmental conditions. Carbon also uses mineralization to provide nutrients to plants, helps to increase the water holding capacity of the soil and the availability of plants, increases microbial activities and lastly helps to prevent the soil from erosion especially water erosion.

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1. Oxygen

Humans breath oxygen to stay alive, likewise plants also exchange gases in the atmosphere to function as well. Oxygen is made to function during the aerobic respiration where food particles are been broken down for the release of energy for plant growth. Through this process, carbon dioxide then becomes the waste product.

1. Nitrogen

Nitrogen is very important in the growth of plants and comprise of chlorophyll, this compound helps plants to make use of sunlight energy to produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water {photosynthesis}. It also helps plants to attain building blocks of proteins for the growth of plants.

1. Hydrogen

Hydrogen is of the nutrients needed by plants to aid the germination of seeds and also for root elongation. This nutrient also helps seedings growth in agriculture, makes crops look good during the harvesting season and aids stomata closure in plants.

Hydrogen makes plants to be able to be resistant to symbiotic stress with the aid of their antioxidants defence system mechanism. Hydrogen also releases oxygen to plants as byproducts which helps them to continue living. Hydrogen also combines with carbon dioxide for the production of sugar and glucose.

Briefly explain this terminologies; ¹"mixed farming" and ²"crop rotation."

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MIXED FARMING

Mixed farming can be seen as an agriculture process or system of farming which has to do with the cultivation of crops and the rearing of animals.

Mixed farming is particularly saying that both plants and animals can be raised if you have the ability to look after the both, mixed farming encourages the use of animal manure.

Importance of mixed farming in agriculture

• mixed farming helps to increase higher productivity of crops.

• mixed farming helps to control some certain diseases and also in the management of pest.

• it also helps to improve the fertility of the soil.

• it ehances the soil quality and texture.

• in helps to increase high yield of crops and helps in soil utilization.

• mixed farming also supplies us with protein gotten from the cattles reared, as well as egg for consumption.

CROP ROTATION

Crop rotation can be referred as a process of cultivating different kinds of crops one one piece of land year after year in other to improve the soil fertility, health, combat pest and weed and optimize nutrients in the soil

IMPORTANCE OF CROP ROTATION IN AGRICULTURE

1. Crop rotation is means through which the soil nutrients are always available, they also air in the high yield of crops.

2. Crop rotation is also a farming operation that helps to control pest a disease of crops, and enhance the soil structure.

3. Crop rotation is a means by which we can always have a good harvest each year.

4. Crop rotation is a process that helps to increase organic matter in the soil for the effective use of water and improve the water holding capacity of the soil in farming.

5. Crop rotation helps to fix certain crop nutrients into the soil thereby making the soil capable of accepting any kind of crop for cultivation.

Explain three (3) roles of agriculture in your country.

Agriculture has a lot of role of in my country, here are the three roles below.

1. Availability of raw materials for industries.

2. Crop production.

3. Job creation.

Availability of raw materials for industries

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Agriculture has really helped my country in the provision of raw materials for industries e.g the wood use in the creation of furniture are gotten from timber. Most people who are into this timber business venture in agriculture has helped in the supply of these products to the industry.

Cocoa is one of the raw materials which industries use in the creation of beverages which can be consumed man, most of the industries who produce cookies that contain milk get them from the cows 🐄 🐄.

Crop production

Agriculture has also played a vital role by making my country always having crops. We don't lack food due to agriculture. With agriculture we are know able to say that we are cultivating a lot of crops which can help sustain our lives.

Job creation

Agriculture has made a lot of people to be employed or self employed. Most individuals don't longer depend on government jobs for survival. With the help of agriculture most people cultivate crops and sell them to get they daily needs. They is also every possiblity of you getting employed in an agriculture factory where the produce all kinds of crops.

I will like to now invite @irawandedy, @humaidi, @safridafatih @aspiya and @okere-blessing to participate in this contest.

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