Tuberculosis

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What do you know about tuberculosis?

Source

Tuberculosis is a very serious infectious disease that is caused by the bacteria "Mycobacterium tuberculosis". TB is an abbreviation for tuberculosis which primarily affects the lungs, and can also impact other Pat of the body like the spine, brain, or kidneys.

What to know about Tuberculosis

• Transmission:
  Tuberculosis spreads through the air when an infected person sneezes, talks, or coughs, releasing bacteria into the air which closer people can be infected.

• Laten TB:
  People who are infected with TB bacteria may not feel sick or show symptoms of TB because their immune system contains the bacteria.

• Symptoms:
  The symptoms of TB include the following:

• Chest pain

• Fever and night sweats

• Coughing up blood

• Fatigue or weakness

• Unintended weight loss.

• Prevention:
  The best way to prevent TB includes the following:

• Testing and treating latent tuberculosis (TB) in high-risk populations.

• Vaccination

• Improving ventilation

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• Write about tuberculosis prevalence, incidence, and prognosis.

Prevalence

Tuberculosis remains a well-known global and public health concern, according to the World Health Organization:

• A total of 1.3 million people died from TB in 2022 (including 167,000 people with HIV). Worldwide, TB is the second leading infectious killer after COVID-19 (above HIV and AIDS).
• In 2022, an estimated 10.6 million people fell ill with tuberculosis (TB) worldwide, including 5.8 million men, 3.5 million women and 1.3 million children. TB is present in all countries and age groups. TB is curable and preventable.
• Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) remains a public health crisis and a health security threat. Only about 2 in 5 people with drug-resistant TB accessed treatment in 2022.
• Global efforts to combat TB have saved an estimated 75 million lives since the year 2000 Source

Incidence

Tuberculosis Incidence refers to the number of new cases reported in a given time gram, which is usually expressed as the number of cases per 100,000 people per year. As of 2022, the global FB incidence rate was approximately 127 cases per 100,000 people per year.

Prognosis

The prognosis for tuberculosis (TB) depends on so many factors, including early diagnosis, the type of tuberculosis (extrapulmonary or pulmonary), the patient's overall health, and access to treatment.

• Extrapulmonary TB: Affecting organs outside the lungs.

• Pulmonary TB: Affecting the lungs.

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