Modern processors have a small rectangular shape, presented in the form of a silicon plate. The plate itself is protected by a special case made of plastic or ceramic. All the main circuits are safe, thanks to which the entire work of CPU has been done. If everything is so simple with appearance then what about the circuit itself and how the processor is managed? Let's look at this in more detail.

How a computer processor works.

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The CPU contains a very small number of different elements. Each of them performs its own process. Data and control are transferred. Ordinary users are accustomed to distinguishing processors by their clock frequency, cache size and course. But it is not the only one that provides reliable and fast operation. It is worth paying special attention to each component.

Architecture.

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The interior design of the CPU is often different from each other, each family has its own set of features and functions - this is called its architecture. An example of a processor design that you can see in the image below.

But many processors are accustomed to a slightly different meaning through architecture. If we consider it from a programming point of view, then it is determined by the ability to execute a specific set of codes. If you buy a modern CPU, most likely it refers to the x86 architecture.

Determining Processor Capacity.

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The core part of the CPU is called the core, it contains all the necessary blocks, and also performs logical and mathematical tasks. If you look at the data below, you can see that every practical block of kernel looks like. Instructions Recovery Module. Here, the instructions are recognized at the address counter in the instruction counter. The number of simultaneous readings of commands depends directly on the number of decryption units installed, which helps to load a large number of instructions per cycle. Branch is responsible for the optimal operation of the predictive recovery unit. This kernel determines the sequence of execution commands by loading the pipeline.

Decoding module This part of the kernel is responsible for explaining certain processes in order to complete tasks. The task of decoding is very complicated due to the variable size of the self-guide. In newer processors, there are several such units in one core.Data Sampling Modules. They get information from Ram or Cache. They perform the exact task of sampling data, which is essential for compliance with the guidelines at this time.Control Unit The name already speaks to the importance of this component. Basically, this is the most important factor, because it distributes energy between all the blocks, and helps to complete each process on time.

Module for saving results. Ram is designed to write after following instructions. Safe address has been identified in the running work.The element of work with intervention. The CPU is able to perform multiple tasks at the same time thanks to the intervention function, which allows it to stop the progress of a program, and turn it into another direction.

Temporary results of register instructions are stored here. This component can be called a small high speed RAM. Often its volume does not exceed several hundred bytes.The team counter stores the address of the command that will be included in the next processor cycle.

System Bus.

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Devices connected to the CPU in the system bus that are part of the PC. Only it is directly connected to it, the rest of the elements are connected via multiple controllers. The bus itself has many signal lines through which information is transmitted. Each line has its own protocol, which provides communication through controllers to other connected computer components. The bus has its own frequency, respectively, the higher, the faster the exchange of information between the connecting elements of the system.

Cache Memory.

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The speed of the CPU depends on its ability to select commands and data from memory as quickly as possible. Due to the cache, the implementation time is reduced due to the fact that it acts as a temporary buffer that provides instantaneous transfer of CPU data to RAM or vice versa.

The main feature of cache is its level difference. If it's high, the memory is slower and heavier. First-degree memory is considered the fastest and smallest. The principle of operation of this element is very simple. The CPU reads the data from the RAM and stores it in the cache at any level, while deleting the completed information for a long time. If the processor needs this information again, it will receive it faster through a temporary buffer.

Socket.

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Due to the fact that the processor has its own connector (socket or slotted), you can easily replace it in case of breakage or upgrade the computer. Without the socket, the CPU was only soldered to the motherboard, complicating subsequent repairs or replacements. It's worth noting - each socket is specifically designed to install certain processors.
Most consumers inadvertently buy a contrasting processor and motherboard, which causes additional hassle.

• Choosing a processor for the computer.
• Select the motherboard for your computer.

Thanks to the introduction of video core in the processor, it acts as a video card. Sure, it can't be compared to its power, but if you buy a CPU for simple tasks, you can do it completely without a graphics card. Best of all, the integrated video cover presents itself on cheap laptops and cheap desktop computers.In this article, we discuss in detail what a processor consists of, the role of each element, its importance and dependence on other elements. We hope you found this information useful, and that you learned something new and interesting from the CPU world.

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