Human Identification Analysis Software Market Research Report, by Product (Instrumentation, Consumables), Technology (DNA Testing, Capillary Electrophoresis), Application (Forensics, DNA Analysis, Anthropology, and Others) – Global Forecast to 2027
Human identification or HI is one of the fastest developing markets in the world, associated with several segments including biotech, biometrics, and many more. Primarily, it is a highly preferred approach in the forensics field; however, its applications are deemed to be broader in security, genealogy, anthropology, and others.
The human identification analysis software technology helps detect specificity from multiple genetic materials. The global market is rife with a number of major firms that can provide certain DNA platforms with extensive use in several applications. This field is extremely significant, when it comes to aligning data sets with a specific human being as per different requirements. Every year, new technologies and techniques with respect to DNA profiling emerge, which makes the overall procedure faster and more accurate. Some of the key technologies related to human identification includes rapid DNA analysis. Some other equally significant technologies include microarray, polymerase chain reaction, next-generation sequencing, purification and extraction, capillary electrophoresis, automated liquid handling, to name a few.
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Rapid DNA Analysis
DNA testing as well as fingerprinting for identification has been a gamechanger for the law enforcement. While these were deemed controversial in the beginning when they were initially deployed, the human identification analysis technologies have successfully proved their importance to crime investigators as well as the society since several criminals were convicted while innocent individuals were exonerated. Rapid DNA is expected to be the future frontier of human ID technology.
Technically, rapid DNA analysis software is an automated process that helps obtain an accurate DNA profile with no requirement for human analysis. Law enforcement takes a cheek swab of the person arrested and then insert it into the Rapid DNA machine, which can be as small as a printer. This technology provides an accurate DNA profile in just 90 minutes, which can then be compared to the other samples present in the agency’s Combined DNA Index System as well as those from the unsolved cases.
Benefits of Rapid DNA Analysis
The biggest benefit of rapid DNA analysis by far is speed. Traditional DNA testing use to take a much longer time, somewhere between weeks and months, to achieve accurate analysis. However, rapid DNA analysis produces an accurate DNA profile in just two hours while the suspects remain in police custody, which helps lower the flight risk.
Another appealing benefit is the lower chances of contamination of the DNA sample. Traditional DNA testing involves identification, collection, and transportation of the sample to the DNA lab facility, following which it is handled by the lab technicians. All this increases the risk of contamination.
Rapid DNA analysis ensures very few people handling the key sample and involvement of fewer processing steps, which means much lower chances of contamination. The only requirement is inserting the sample into the Rapid DNA machine, and the entire procedure is done.
Next-Generation Sequencing
Next-generation sequencing or the NGS technology, in view of its low cost as well as high-throughput capacity has continued to evolve significantly over the years and currently, is a highly sought-after analytical tool used by genomics researchers. Lucrative opportunities pertaining to the research area of forensic studies are emerging, supported by the potential of the NGS technology, as it helps simultaneously analyze several sections of forensic interest in multiple genetic contexts, including mitochondria, sex chromosomes, and autosomes. The NGS technology addresses the challenges faced when using conventional technologies like SNP or STR markers analysis.
Capillary Electrophoresis
Capillary electrophoresis is presumably the fastest growing human identification analytical technique and has proved to be quite useful for forensic toxicologists. Capillary electrophoresis is a powerful analytical tool that helps investigate seized illicit drugs as well as complex biological matrices, one of which is hair. The technology is used as per various separation mechanisms; out of which the most toxicologically useful include capillary zone electrophoresis along with micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. For analysis of the hair to identify drug abuse, capillary electrophoresis is deemed to be an effective technology as it offers simultaneous measures of different drugs without any derivatization and with normal sensitivity.
Hair’s toxicological analysis has become a popular technique to investigate illicit drugs’ chronic use. A number of analytical methods that use chromatography, mass spectrometry, and immunometry, help determine illicit drugs like morphine and cocaine in the hair of the abusers.
Major Applications of Human Identification Analysis Software
Forensic
In the forensic field, human identification analysis software has established itself as an important tool for identifying the perpetrators, accurately and speedily. Identifying the person accurately remains one of the most important tasks in the forensic field. In events like accidents and mass disasters, the human body is generally damaged, with only some of the body parts available to act as evidence for identifying that person. In this case, human identification analysis software plays a crucial role.
Genetic Testing
Genetic testing involves the collection of blood samples of the patient, which are then placed into the laboratory machines with the use of test kits. A variety of test types are used for identifying genetic disorders. For instance, pharmacogenomic testing, carrier testing, predictive & presymptomatic testing, diagnostic testing, prenatal & newborn testing, and others are the most common genetic tests. These tests help diagnose a number of medical conditions including genetic diseases, cardiovascular disorder, and cancer.
Genetic testing supported by human identification analysis software finds widespread use in pharmacogenomics, also known as drug-gene testing. On top of that, frequent innovations could boost the application range of HIAS in genetic testing over the following years.
Anthropology
Human identification analysis software in anthropology is used for identifying deceased persons whose remains are burned, mutilated, decomposed, or plain unrecognizable, as in the case of a plane crash. The software also helps investigate and document mass graves and genocide. Forensic anthropologists use a number of physical markers on the skeleton to determine the person's sex, age, race, and stature. This helps identify the living person for legal purposes like illegal immigrants. These functions are extremely crucial in legal cases, as the court needs to judge on the person’s age, as in if they are minor or adult.
Other than identification of the physical attributes of the person, HIAS in anthropology make use of skeletal abnormalities to understand the cause of death, past trauma like medical procedures or broken bones and diseases like bone cancer.
Regional Markets
The highest revenue generating market for human identification analysis software is North America, given the thriving forensic science field. The rapid surge in forensic science-based research & development activities combined with the increasing spending are some of the top growth boosters in the North American market. For instance, in 2016, the National Institute of Justice spent close to USD 127 million on research and development for advancements in forensic sciences. Also, the soaring number of biotechnology companies expending huge amounts on forensic science should also be favorable in the years to come.
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