Islam is a monotheistic religion founded in the 7th century CE by Prophet Muhammad in the Arabian Peninsula. It is one of the major world religions, with over 1.8 billion followers, making it the second-largest religion globally.
At its core, Islam is based on the teachings of the Qur'an, which Muslims believe to be the literal word of God (Allah) as revealed to Prophet Muhammad. Muslims consider Muhammad to be the final and most important prophet, completing the line of prophets that includes figures from previous Abrahamic religions, such as Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus.
The word "Islam" itself means "submission" or "surrender," indicating complete submission to the will of God. Muslims strive to follow the teachings and guidance of the Qur'an and the Hadith, which are collections of sayings, actions, and approvals of Prophet Muhammad. These sources provide guidance on various aspects of life, including worship, moral conduct, social issues, and personal behavior.
Islam emphasizes the unity and oneness of God, rejecting the concept of polytheism. Muslims believe in the five pillars of Islam, which are the fundamental acts of worship that every practicing Muslim should uphold. They include:
- Shahada: The declaration of faith, affirming that there is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is His prophet.
- Salah: The ritual prayer performed five times a day.
- Zakat: The giving of alms or charity to support the needy and the community.
- Sawm: Fasting during the month of Ramadan from dawn to sunset.
- Hajj: The pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia, which every able-bodied and financially capable Muslim should undertake at least once in their lifetime.
Muslims believe in the concept of accountability and the Day of Judgment, where individuals will be held responsible for their actions in this life. They believe in the existence of angels, predestination, and the life after death.
Islamic law, known as Sharia, provides a comprehensive framework that governs various aspects of personal and communal life for Muslims. It covers matters such as family law, criminal law, ethics, and finance, among others. However, it's important to note that interpretations of Sharia can vary among different Muslim communities and countries.
Islam promotes principles of justice, compassion, peace, and social responsibility. Muslims are encouraged to seek knowledge, pursue justice, engage in charitable acts, and treat others with respect and kindness.
Islam has a set of rules and principles that guide the religious, social, and personal aspects of a Muslim's life. These rules are derived from the Qur'an, the Hadith (sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad), scholarly interpretations, and Islamic jurisprudence. It's important to note that interpretations of these rules may vary among different Muslim communities and schools of thought. Here are some key areas where Islam provides guidance:
Worship: Muslims are obligated to perform the five daily prayers (Salah) at specific times throughout the day. They should also observe the fasting month of Ramadan (Sawm), abstaining
from food, drink, and other worldly desires from dawn until sunset. Muslims are encouraged to give a portion of their wealth as a charity (Zakat) to support the poor and needy. Additionally, Muslims who are physically and financially able are expected to undertake the pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj) at least once in their lifetime.Moral and Ethical Conduct: Islam emphasizes ethical behavior and good moral character. Muslims are advised to be honest, truthful, just, and kind. They are encouraged to uphold integrity, fulfill their promises, and show respect and compassion towards others. Islam also prohibits lying, stealing, cheating, gambling, and engaging in any form of injustice or harm to others.
Personal Conduct: Muslims are expected to follow certain guidelines regarding personal hygiene and cleanliness. This includes regular bathing, cleanliness of clothes, and grooming. Modesty in dress is also encouraged, with both men and women advised to dress modestly and maintain modest behavior in their interactions.
Family and Social Life: Islam places great importance on family and community relationships. It promotes strong family bonds, emphasizing mutual respect, care, and support among family members. Marriage is encouraged as a sacred bond between a man and a woman, and it is considered a means of spiritual and social fulfillment. Islam provides guidelines for marriage, divorce, inheritance, and child-rearing.
Dietary Restrictions: Muslims are required to follow certain dietary restrictions. They are prohibited from consuming pork and its by-products, as well as any meat that has not been slaughtered according to Islamic guidelines (halal). Alcohol, intoxicants, and illicit substances are also forbidden.
