Computer means “calculate together”, com-, together, and putare, calculate. In the early 1900s, a “computer” was a group of actual human beings who could run “programs” that they were given on a piece of paper. The “harvard computers” is an example of such a “human computer”, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Computers
Today, we use that same word to describe technological devices that calculate (no longer “together" in the way the Harvard Computers worked as a team. )
Jurisdiction, from jur- ‘law’ + dictio ‘saying, is an entity that dictates what the law says. This is exactly what a permissionless ledger like Ethereum does. It is a jurisdiction in the same way a “technological computer” performed the same function as “human computers”.
To have a short, simple word that defines what these technologies are, instead of longer words like "permissionless ledger" or "distributed ledger technology" or "world computer", or "global singleton", maybe Jurisdiction could be a good word.