Years ago, I searched thru references in Case Law on the ‘Use of Force’ by Police, and it seemed all disjointed and dysfunctional. I could not make sense of the determinations. I was incorrect in believing that Citizens had natural rights. But, I have since learned something new and all these Judges decisions now make sense. I’ll explain below.
http://www.caselaw4cops.net/use_of_force/use_of_force.htm
https://www.policeone.com/legal/articles/294859006-5-Supreme-Court-cases-the-police-and-the-public-should-know/
https://www.policeone.com/use-of-force/articles/154676006-15-use-of-force-cases-every-cop-needs-to-know/
Why, if we have things such as the ‘Bill of Rights’ or the ‘Universal Declaration of Human Rights’, or ‘Natural Rights’, how could Judges allow Police to beat or kill relatively innocent people. Many of these people, while not the best of humanity, certainly didn't deserve what happened.
The thing to note in the above links, is that NONE of the above Case Law references ever mention ‘Rights’, and instead everyone of them deals with “IF” the Court System (thru Sovereign Immunity) is going to extend ‘impunity’ to the Police Officer. In other words, “Citizens” have NO rights, and Police are granted “Immunity”, if they follow protocol. It’s very clear, if the Citizen dutifully obeys every command and is injured by Police, then the Police are not Granted "Impunity”. For those hoping for a financial settlement, please take this into account. It is likely, that you are not being paid because you have the 'right' to damages, and instead you are likely being paid to keep the bright lights of injustice, off.
I find it fascinating that after spending years studying ‘Law’, that because I missed a single important definition of Citizen, everything becomes clear. Presumably, Citizens have voluntarily given up their rights. Citizens never have, nor ever will, have rights. They used to be called ‘SUBJECTS’ when Kings and Emperors ruled, but today with Governments, the term Citizen is used instead. If you want RIGHTS, you have to “stop” being a Citizen.
Please don't mis-understand me, I'm not taking a position of right or wrong here, instead I'm explaining the position that Judges take and I'm shining a light on the exit door.