Khamir is a eukaryotic microorganism that is classified in Fungi kingdom

Khamir is a eukaryotic microorganism that is classified in Fungi kingdom, with 1,500 species that have been described [1] (estimated to 1% of all fungi species). [2] Khamir is a unicellular microorganism, although some species may become multicellular through the formation of yarn from connected budding cells known as pseudohyphae, as seen in most molds. [3] The size of the fungus varies by species, generally having a 3-4 μm diameter, but some types of yeasts may reach more than 40 μm. [4] Most yeasts reproduce asexually with mitosis, and with asymmetric cell division called budding.

The most commonly used yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is used for the production of wine, bread, tape, and beer since thousands of years ago in the form of yeast. Saccharomyces cerevisiae can convert carbohydrates into carbon dioxide and alcohol through the fermentation process, carbon dioxide is used in the process of baking and alcohol in alcoholic beverages. [5] Saccharomyces cerevisiae is also an important model organism in modern cell biology research, and also one of the most frequently studied eukaryotic microorganisms. Researchers use it to obtain information about the biology of eukaryotic cells and especially human biology. [6] Other yeast species such as Candida albicans are opportunistic pathogens and can cause infection in humans (candidiasis). The yeast can also be used to generate electricity in microbial fuel cells, [7] and produce ethanol for the biofuel industry.

Khamir does not form a single taxonomic or phylogeny group. The term "yeast" or "yeast" is often used as a synonym for Saccharomyces cerevisiae, [8] but the phylogenetic diversity of the yeasts is separated into two separate phyla: Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. The yeast whose reproduction with budding ("true yeast") is classified in the Saccharomycetales order.