Machine learning gives computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed (Arthur Samuel, 1959).[1][2] It is a subfield of computer science.
The idea came from work in artificial intelligence. Machine learning explores the study and construction of algorithms that can learn and make predictions on data. Such algorithms follow programmed instructions, but can also make predictions or decisions based on data. They build a model from sample inputs.
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Machine learning is done where designing and programming explicit algorithms cannot be done. Examples include spam filtering, detection of network intruders, or malicious insiders working towards a data breach,[6] optical character recognition (OCR),[7] search engines, and computer vision.