Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are medical conditions or health problems that are not caused by infectious agents, such as bacteria or viruses, and cannot be transmitted from person to person. These diseases typically develop over a long period of time, often over years or decades, and are often chronic in nature.
Some common examples of NCDs include:
Cardiovascular diseases (such as heart disease and stroke)
Cancer
Chronic respiratory diseases (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)
Diabetes
Neurological disorders (such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease)
Musculoskeletal disorders (such as arthritis)
NCDs are responsible for a large and growing proportion of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with the World Health Organization estimating that they account for over 70% of deaths globally. Risk factors for NCDs include unhealthy lifestyle habits (such as poor diet, physical inactivity, and tobacco use), environmental factors, and genetic predisposition. Prevention and management of NCDs often involve lifestyle modifications, medication, and regular medical monitoring.
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