The supplement industry is an absolutely huge money maker. It brings in billions in revenue annually and it one of the most profitable industries across any industry in the world. It is also an industry that is largely unchecked and companies can make crazy claims about their products that are not based on any evidence at all. Sometimes a "study" will be conducted but this is done internally by the company that makes the product. The process ends up rigged and of course they come to the desired result because they are specifically aiming for that goal. This is not science, this is lies.
In other instances, products will go out of their way to find an independent research firm to prove the efficacy of their product but it is well known in this industry that if the independent research firm doesn't provide the desired results that their work will not be published and because the supplement industry is so huge and powerful, that firm could find themselves being bullied into non-existence if they don't comply.
There are only a few organizations in the world that can possibly prevent the supplement industry from making false claims and they are mostly government agencies like the FDA or very large and respected research universities or hospitals.
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Most of the time though, these false claims aren't even called out by these agencies or institutions either because they don't have time to evaluate every little thing that comes to market and for the most part any sort of demands that these institutions would make on the product's manufacturer would only be applicable to the United States anyway. However, there are certain claims that if a product makes them that you can be all but guaranteed that the FDA and others are going to pounce on manufacturers and that is when they make any claims about cancer or heart disease.
In November of just last year, the FDA took a hardline stance towards seven gigantic supplement manufacturers that had made claims that their supplements can prevent or even CURE heart disease. Among these companies were giant ones like Essential Elements and Healthy Trends Worldwide, both of which are multi-billion dollar companies that operate globally. They had made claims that their products can prevent heart disease, cure it, and even prevent heart failure.
The FDA doesn't normally bother with policing what the supplement industry claims and it is extremely rare that they even take a look at what is even inside the capsules or powders. They don't have time (or so they say) but I think there is probably a lot of money being siphoned towards legislators to prevent the FDA from evaluating the products and what is being said about them.
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Now here comes the part about this "bust" that should have you very skeptical about any claims that are made about any supplement in existence. The FDA didn't even make any particular threats about what sort of action would be taken towards these giant companies but were just given 2 weeks to either articulate their claims with science, or to change the wording they were using on the products and their advertisements. Of the 7 companies, NOT A SINGLE ONE OF THEM attempted to dispute that the claims on their products were actually true and all of them opted to simply change the wording, or just drop the product from the market altogether.
Basically, every one of these companies knew that their claims were BS and if they were ever forced to prove there was some semblance of truth to the claims that they would fail in doing so.
So when you pick up a bottle of something and it says that it does this or that and it isn't actual medicine you need to be extremely skeptical. I have near zero faith in almost all supplements other than Whey Protein and a few others similar to it. Especially if the claim seems too good to be true it is probably because the claim isn't true, and you are wasting your money. The supplement industry thrives on ignorance but you don't have to be a sucker like so many millions of other people are.
I have no professional background for what I talk about here. But I know most of what I have learned by having initially done the incorrect things in life. Perhaps you can learn from my mistakes so you don't have to make them