Humanism and Existentialism: Part 6 - Carl Jung - II - Psychological Types

The Dialectics of Liberation: Anarchism, Existentialism, and Decentralism.
Humanism and Existentialism: Part 6 - Carl Jung - II - Psychological Types

"Dreams are the digestion of reality." - charlie77pt

1 - Introduction

"The life of man is a dubious experiment." - Carl Jung

In the last post, we have approached the theory, archetypes, and functions, of Carl Jung, and in this article we are going to talk about the personality types he developed, and how today we can take a simple test to use as radiography of our personality, and a map that orients our personal, social and professional choices for life.
Honestly I feel the expected disappointment that this two posts only express fragments of the vastness of the universal thought of Carl Jung, and left me with the desire of coming back to this matter with a lot of posts, like it happened a little with the long article about Wilhelm Reich, and that's why I will not talk about Freud until I finish this saga and in the end give enough space and posts to write about him.
A healthy person is self-centered and self-directed and is capable of internal regulation without the influence of restrictive moral codes or impositions of others, that interfere with our capacity to realize our full potential.

"The dream is the small hidden door in the deepest and most intimate sanctum of the soul, which opens to that primeval cosmic night that was soul long before there was conscious ego and will be soul far beyond what a conscious ego could ever reach." - Carl Jung

In his trips to meet tribal and ancient cultures in Africa, he found out that Freud's imperative of the sexual drive as the roots of humanity's psyche, while Jung saw the process of "individuation" as a driver of the Unconscious, where dreams have a "transcendent function".
When he analyzed the dreams of primal tribes he found out that instead of the sexual motives of the Western civilization, they were often symbolized by green pastures, full of animals or corn fields, revealing the main desire of finding food as the primary source for survival.

"The privilege of a lifetime is to become who you truly are." - Carl Jung

Unlike Freud, he believed that the Unconscious was not just a node of pathology, but also had the capacity to liberate our vitality resulting from the confrontation of the duality forces of the mind, and that was our job to balance it and choose the path to be good and avoid evil that is latent in the dark allies of our psyche.
Carl Jung showed me my main way of thinking and acting, but the most extraordinary thing was that he opened my eyes to understand that I could learn to identify, relate, and understand better the other people around me.

He was a teacher of the experience of myself as well as other people, which interfered positively in the inter-experience resulting from my communication with others.
I'm extroverted with a passion for variety, new adventures, actions and work in cooperative groups, a sensitive that create a good communicational environment, and an intuitive explaining my insatiable search for new situations, experiences, challenges and curiosity.

Everybody should Know their Psychological Types, and today it is easy to do the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) test connecting the Jung's Functions, and it is like taking today a picture of your Self, to later remind who you are in your actions, and do the right choices for life, work, communicate, and love.
This portrait makes us aware of the Self, like a movie of the dynamic action of the dominant functional forces of our type of personality, working inside us, and driving our way in life.

"It is up to each person to recognize his or her true preferences." - Isabel Briggs Myers

2 - Carl Jung Psychological Types

"A psychoneurosis must be understood, ultimately, as the suffering of a soul which has not discovered its meaning." - Carl Jung

Human beings perceive information and judge it to make decisions, and everyone is different in this process, demonstrating that perception and judgment, are like a unique individual fingerprint of the way to deal with reality.

"The little world of childhood with its familiar surroundings is a model of the greater world." - Carl Jung

People with an Extroverted attitude have a high-energy that they get from the outside environment, and act in reality trends, while in the opposite side the Introverts have lower energy, that they are fed from within, and a have a tendency to reflect about the world outside.

• The Perceptive Functions can be Extroverted or Introverted and both oriented by Sensation or by Intuition.

Perception in a person can preferentially use Sensation, seeing reality as it is in a concrete way, or on the other hand, other people can utilize Intuition in an abstract fashion, giving a broader big picture, connected with inner ideas symbols and concepts.

• The Judgemental Functions has also the same division between Extroverted or Introverted and can be driven by Thinking and Feeling

The Judgement process is cognitively the expression of societal and cultural values and a reaction to the way the perceived world influence people's actions.

In the judging process, some people can make very rational choices based in thinking using firm principles, logic, psychology, and philosophy, while others make decisions based in feeling using emotions as the main source that can lead to complaints and co-dependence from others.

"The capacity for directed thinking I call intellect; the capacity for passive or undirected thinking I call intellectual intuition." – Carl Jung

The eight functions Jung defined are:

2.1 - The Perceptive Functions

• The Extroverted Perception
  • The Extroverted Sensitive - Actively connects to reality with sensation and is always searching for new thrills.
  • The Extroverted Intuitive - treats the environment in an abstract way and look at things in a global fashion.
    
• The Introverted Perception
  • The Introverted Sensitive has a way of categorizing and remembering information and sensations
  • The Introverted Intuitive as a linear way of seeing an abstract reality using perception based on inner patterns that are projected in the future

2.2 - The Judgement Functions

• The Extroverted Judgement
  • Extroverted Thinking - Shows quick and confident decision making towards the outside conditions based on objective principles and self-secure values to deal with reality
  • Extroverted Feeling - The decisions and actions are conditioned by internal feelings and emotions and subjective values and principles.
• Introverted Judgement
  • Introverted Thinking - Have a very logical judgment in the outside evaluation and tries to find coherence and uses spatial and form orientation
  • Introverted Feeling - Besides being as well spatial and form-oriented, always making subjective evaluations based on the emotional level and inner values, as a way to try to find harmony.

Isabel Myers and his mother Katherine Briggs created the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) test connecting the Jung's psychological Functions and his main rule that the Extroverts have dominance in the use of the judging function (Think and Feel), or the perceiving function (Sensing and iNtuition).
The opposite happens with the introverted type that will choose the dominant function to be used as the judgment if he prefers the perceiving one, or if the dominance is perception where the introverted has a preference for judging.

Jung's psychological types are defined in a matrix of personal attitudes connected to a tendency of using the perceptive or the judgment functions, and most of the people have a dominant facet crossed with the other.
For example, Scientist and Investigators are more prone to have Extrovert Thinking, while philosophers are fed by Introvert Thinking, and The Extrovert feeling is a must for actors and movie stars while musicians have an Introvert Feeling.
Businessmen and entrepreneurs have a predominance of Extrovert Sensations, and Art connoisseurs use Introvert Sensitivity, and on the other side successful Public Relations utilize Extrovert intuition, and mystics have a bigger preponderance for Introvert Intuition
Carl Jung characterized himself was a dominant Introverted Thinker.

I suggest everybody should take this personality test and really find out the multiple real facets of the internal dynamics of the Self, the way we choose our careers, our human skills, as well as, the way we communicate and act, giving a great and reliable self-portrait.

It also made me understand that I use introverted intuition with a clear perception of my inner, unconscious world, a capacity I had already felt but refused to accept.

In the picture above we can see the possible 16 combinations of this factors: ISTJ, ISFJ, ESFP, ESTP, INFJ, INTJ, ENFP, ENTP ISTP, INTP, ESTJ, ENTJ, INFP, ISFP, ESFJ and ENFJ

• The first letter means the main preference in of general attitude - "E" means extroversion |"I" means introversion.
  
• The second letter represents the choice between Sensing and iNtuition - "S" for Sensing and "N" for iNtuition.
  
• The third letter is the preference between Thinking-Feeling - "T" is the choice for Thinking and &"F" for Feeling.
  
• The forth letter expresses the person's pick between Judging or Perceiving pair: "J" is Judging and "P" is Perception.

In the Jung Typology Test, my psychological type is predominantly ENFJ meaning Extroverted - iNtuitive, Feeling, Judging
I'm 100% of Extravert (E) preference with almost no Introversion, I have 50% Intuitive (N) moderate preference over Intuition and I use 3% of Feeling (F) and Judging(J) , I rely only 3% in feeling and predominantly use Thinking, and finally I prefer Judging over Perceiving (28%).
My 3% Feeling suggests characteristics of more than one personality like ENTJ. but no doubt ENFJ is the dominant one, that increasingly becomes more self-perceptible with aging.

This is very coherent with the jobs I've chosen in my life (EFNJ career choices), and the best and biggest part was always teaching others, and citing the test, these type "are the benevolent 'pedagogues' of humanity", and my functions varied from social work, psychology and education, to investigative science, software development, management and human resources.

Every personality determines our preferred types, that is associated with a Learning Style (EFNJ) and Communicative Skills (EFNJ)

"Nothing has a stronger influence psychologically on their environment and especially on their children than the unlived life of the parent." – Carl Jung

3 - Personality Types and Motives

J. Gary Sparks, a graduate of the C. G. Jung Institute-Zürichem, in 2002 using Jung's types of personality model, defined the four fundamental impulses that lie behind people's actions:

• control - bickering and manipulating others using the tactic of restricting their actions;
• disregard - humiliating others through confrontation;
• deference - conformism to positions of domination, using a tricky being;
• the trust - the willingness to cooperate revealed by a friendly opening.

Today's neuroscience found some discrepancies with Jung's theory, showing data pointing out that the extroverts utilize more the frontal part of the brain, with higher dopamine release, and the introverts use more the posterior part that is involved in the thinking process, maybe showing a correlation with the neurobiological functioning and the inherited "instinctual patterns of behavior and perception".

"Where love rules, there is no will to power; and where power predominates, there love is lacking. The one is the shadow of the other." - Carl Jung

Further Reading:

Read a fast definition of the various combination types in https://www.123test.com/jung-typology/

Videos:

Face To Face | Carl Gustav Jung (1959) HQ

Carl Jung Documentary - Biography of the life of Carl Jung

Carl Jung Interview That Will Make you CRY (1959) [WARNING: this might change your beliefs

Alan Watts on Carl Jung

Carl Jung and The Value of Anxiety Disorders

The Dialectics of Liberation: Anarchism, Existentialism, and Decentralism.
Published Posts:

• Introduction to the Dialectics of Liberation: Anarchism, Existentialism and Decentralism

I - Anarchism

• What is Anarchism?
• Part 1 - Philosophical Introduction
• Part 2 - The Concept of Anarchism
• Part 3 - Types of Anarchism
• The History of Anarchism
  • Part 1 - Pre-Anarchy - Social Revolution
  • Anarchy: Revolution Against The State
  • Part 2 - Anarcho-Federalism
  • Part 3 - Libertarian Anarchism
  • Part 4 - Anarcho-Syndicalism
• Anarchy Today
  • Part 1 - The Era of Extremisms
  • Part 2 - Crypto-Anarchism
  • Part 3 - Anarchist Tools
  • Part 4 - Anarchy in the Blockchain I
  • Part 4 - Anarchy in the Blockchain II
  • Part 5 - Today's Anarchism
• Index and Conclusions of part 1 - Anarchy

II - Existentialism

• What is Existentialism ?
  • Part 1 - Unplugged Introduction to Existentialism
  • Part 2 - The Short History of Existentialism: I - Early Pre-existentialism
  • Part 2 - The Short History of Existentialism: II - Pre-Existentialists
  • Part 2 - The Short History of Existentialism: III - Phenomenology - Brentano to Husserl
  • Part 2 - The Short History of Existentialism: III - Phenomenology - Jaspers to Sheller
  • Part 2 - The Short History of Existentialism: IV - Humanistic Existentialists - Buber, Arendt, and Tillich
  • Part 2 - The Short History of Existentialism: V - Humanistic Existentialists - Rollo May
  • Part 2 - The Short History of Existentialism: V - Humanistic Existentialists - Abraham Maslow
  • Part 2 - The Short History of Existentialism: VI - Post -Structuralism - Jacques Lacan
  • Part 2 - The Short History of Existentialism: VI - Post -Structuralism - Michel Foucault
  • Part 2 - The Short History of Existentialism: VI - Post -Structuralism - Emmanuel Levinas
  • Part 2 - The Short History of Existentialism: VI - Post -Structuralism - Jacques Derrida
  • Part 2 - The Short History of Existentialism: VI - Post -Structuralism - Paul Ricouer
  • Part 3 - The Philosophy of Existentialism: I - Existentialism Today
  • Part 3 - The Philosophy of Existentialism: II - Fascism and Existentialism
  • Part 3 - The Philosophy of Existentialism: III - The Fear of Tthinking
  • Part 3 - The Philosophy of Existentialism: IV - Is Direct Democracy back with The Yellow Vests?
  • Part 3 - The Philosophy of Existentialism:V - Existentialism:What is real in the Reality?
  • Part 3 - The Philosophy of Existentialism:VI - Existentialism: The Ghost in the Machine
  • Part 3 - The Philosophy of Existentialism: VII - The Meaning of Nonsense
  • Part 3 - The Philosophy of Existentialism: VIII - The Players and the Times - Now and Then

• The "Existentialists"
  • Part 1 - Gabriel Marcel - The Neo-Socratic
  • Part 2 - Jean-Paul Sartre - The Man of The 20th Century
  • Part 3 - Simone de Beauvoir - The Castor
  • Part 4 - Albert Camus - The Absurdist
  • Part 5 - Merleau-Ponty - The Humanist Existentialist
  • Part 6 - Existentialism in the Streets: The Extinction Rebellion(XR) Weather Report
• Humanism and Existentialism
  • Part 1 - Humanistic Psychology and Existential Psychotherapies
  • Part 2 - Humanistic Psychologists - Otto Rank
  • Part 3 - Humanistic Psychologists - Carl Rogers
  • Part 4 - Erich Fromm - The Fear of Freedom
  • Part 5 - Wilhelm Reich - The Orgasm and the Character Shield
  • Part 6 - Carl Gustav Jung: I- Myths and Archetypes
  • Part 6 - Carl Gustav Jung: II- Psychological Types - This post

Next posts on the Series:
II - Existentialism(Cont.)

• Humanism and Existentialism
  • Part 7 - Thomas Szasz - The Factory of Madness
• Existentialism and Anarchism
• The Future : Posthumanism, transhumanism and inhumanism

III - Decentralism

• What is Decentralism?
• The Philosophy of Decentralism
• Blockchain and Decentralization
• Anarchism, Existentialism, and Decentralism

IV - Dialectic for Self-Liberation

• Counterculture in the 60s
• Psychedelics, Libertarian and artistic movements
• The Dialectics of Liberation Congress
• The Zen Buddism of Alan Watts
• Psychoanalysis and Existentialism
• The Anti-psychiatry movement
• Anarchism, Existentialism, Decentralism and Self-Liberation

V - Conclusions and Epilogue

References:

- charlie777pt on Steemit:

Social Reality: Violence, Power, and Change
Index of Chapter 1 - Anarchism of this series - Part 1 This Series:

Books:
Oizerman, Teodor.O Existencialismo e a Sociedade. Em: Oizerman, Teodor; Sève, Lucien; Gedoe, Andreas, Problemas Filosóficos.2a edição, Lisboa, Prelo, 1974.
Sarah Bakewell, At the Existentialist Café: Freedom, Being, and Apricot Cocktails with with Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, Albert Camus, Martin Heidegger, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and Others
Levy, Bernard-Henry , O Século de Sartre,Quetzal Editores (2000)
Jacob Golomb, In Search of Authenticity - Existentialism From Kierkegaard to Camus (1995)
Herbert Marcuse, One-Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society
Louis Sass, Madness and Modernism, Insanity in the light of modern art, literature, and thought (revised edition)
Hubert L. Dreyfus and Mark A. Wrathall, A Companion to Phenomenology and Existentialism (2006)
Charles Eisenstein, Ascent of Humanity
Walter Kaufmann, Existentialism from Dostoevsky to Sartre(1956)
Herbert Read, Existentialism, Marxism and Anarchism (1949 )
Martin Heidegger, Letter on "Humanism"(1947)
Friedrich Nietzsche, The Will to Power (1968)
Jean-Paul Sartre, Existentialism And Human Emotions
Jean-Paul Sartre, O Existencialismo é um Humanismo
Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Sense and Non-Sense
Michel Foucault, Power Knowledge Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972-1977
Erich Fromm, Escape From Freedom. New York: Henry Holt, (1941)
Erich Fromm, Man for Himself. 1986
Gabriel Marcel, Being and Having: an existentialist diary
Maurice Merleau-Ponty, The Visible and The Invisible
Paul Ricoeur, Hermeneutics and the Human Sciences. Essays on Language, Action and Interpretation
Brigite Cardoso e Cunha, Psicanálise e estruturalismo (1979)
Paul Watzlawick, How Real is Reality?
G. Deleuze and F. Guattari, Anti-Oedipus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia,
Robert C. Solomon, Existentialism
H.J.Blackham, Six existentialist thinkers
Étienne de La Boétie, Discourse on Voluntary Servitude, or the Against-One (1576)

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