The Rosa 'American Beauty,' also known as the "American Beauty Rose," is one of the most iconic and celebrated roses in the history of horticulture. This rose, with its deep pink to crimson blooms, has been admired for over a century for its unparalleled beauty, fragrance, and symbolism. Here’s an in-depth look at its origins, characteristics, cultural significance, and care requirements.
Origins and History
Rosa 'American Beauty' was introduced in 1875 by Henri Lédéchaux, a French rose breeder. Initially known as 'Madame Ferdinand Jamin,' the rose gained popularity in the United States when it was rebranded as 'American Beauty' by George Field & Brother, a prominent florist in Washington, D.C., during the 1880s.
This rose quickly became a favorite in American culture, often associated with elegance and luxury. By the early 20th century, 'American Beauty' was widely regarded as the quintessential rose, becoming a symbol of love, beauty, and high society. It was famously referred to as the “millionaire’s rose” due to its high cost and exclusivity in floral arrangements.
Description and Characteristics
The 'American Beauty' rose is a hybrid perpetual rose, which means it combines the best qualities of both perpetual and hybrid teas. Here are some of its defining features:
Color: Its deep pink to crimson blooms are rich and velvety, often appearing almost luminous in bright light.
Fragrance: The rose is renowned for its strong and sweet damask fragrance, making it a favorite for gardens and bouquets.
Bloom Form: Flowers are large, full, and classic in shape, with over 50 petals per bloom.
Growth Habit: The plant has a robust, upright growth habit, reaching heights of 4 to 6 feet. Its foliage is a deep green, providing a stunning contrast to the vivid blooms.
Blooming Cycle: It flowers repeatedly throughout the growing season, offering gardeners an extended display of beauty.
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