[PhysioEX Chapter 11 exercise 1] PEX-11-01

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Exercise 11: Blood Analysis: Activity 1: Hematocrit Determination Lab Report

Pre-lab Quiz Results
You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly.

1. Hematocrit
   You correctly answered: b. of 40 means that 40% of the volume of blood consists of RBCs.
2. A buffy coat layer
   You correctly answered: d. is all of the above.
3. The diagnosis of anemia indicates
   You correctly answered: a. a lower-than-normal hematocrit.
4. Polycythemia refers to
   You correctly answered: c. a significant increase in RBCs.

Experiment Results

Predict Question:
Predict Question: Predict how the hematocrits of the patients living in Denver, Colorado (approximately one mile above sea
level), will compare with the hematocrit levels of the patients living in Boston, Massachusetts (at sea level).
Your answer : c. The hematocrits of the Denver residents will be higher than those of the Boston residents.

Stop & Think Questions:
Why would the hemoglobin levels of an anemic patient be lower than the hemoglobin levels of a normal, healthy individual?
You correctly answered: c. Because hemoglobin resides in RBCs, you would anticipate a low hematocrit level to coincide
with a low hemoglobin level.

Experiment Data:
Blood sample Height of column of
blood
Height of red blood cell
layer
Height of buffy coat
(white blood cells)
Hematocrit % WBC
1 100 mm 48 mm 1 mm 48 1
2 100 mm 44 mm 1 mm 44 1
3 100 mm 55 mm 1 mm 55 1
4 100 mm 53 mm 1 mm 53 1
5 100 mm 19 mm 0.5 mm 19 0.5
6 100 mm 32 mm 1 mm 32 1

Post-lab Quiz Results
You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly.

1. Anemia refers to
   You correctly answered: c. a lower-than-normal hematocrit.
2. To complete the blood test to measure hematocrit, you must seal the blood-containing capillary tubes on one end with a
   clay material so that
   You correctly answered: d. the blood sample can be centrifuged without having the blood spray out of the tube.
3. Possible causes of polycythemia include
   You correctly answered: b. living at high altitudes.
4. You would expect anemia to develop in a person
   You correctly answered: c. who has abnormally shaped hemoglobin in their RBCs.

Review Sheet Results

1. List the hematocrits for the healthy male (sample 1) and female (sample 2) living in Boston (at sea level) and indicate
   whether they are normal or whether they indicate anemia or polycythemia.
   Your answer:
   Sample 1, 48 normal
   Sample 2, 44 normal
2. Describe the difference between the hematocrits for the male and female living in Boston. Why does this difference
   between the sexes exist?
   Your answer:
   Male hematocrit is higher maybe cause of hormone.
3. List the hematocrits for the healthy male and female living in Denver (approximately one mile above sea level) and
   indicate whether they are normal or whether they indicate anemia or polycythemia.
   Your answer:
   Sample 3, 55 polycythemia
   Sample 4, 53 polycythemia
4. How did the hematocrit levels of the Denver residents differ from those of the Boston residents? Why? How well did the
   results compare with your prediction?
   Your answer:
   As predicted, hematocrit of persons of Denver is higher than of persons of Boston. Cause of the height of the city.
5. Describe how the kidneys respond to a chronic decrease in oxygen and what effect this has on hematocrit levels.
   Your answer:
   To overcome a chronic decrease in oxygen, kidney produce more erythropoietin which create erythrocytes.
6. List the hematocrit for the male with aplastic anemia (sample 5) and indicate whether it is normal or abnormal. Explain
   your response.
   Your answer:
   Sample 5, abnormal. Hematocrit of sample 5 is evidently low.
7. List the hematocrit for the female with iron-deficiency anemia (sample 6) and indicate whether it is normal or abnormal.
   Explain your response.
   Your answer:
   Sample 6, abnormal. Hematocrit of sample 6 is evidently low.