Polkadot has the following advantages over Ethereum:
- Stronger Byzantine fault tolerance. Polkadot adopts a more advanced consensus algorithm to achieve stronger Byzantine fault tolerance. This means that the Polkadot network can withstand a higher proportion of malicious nodes to ensure network security and correct operation. Ethereum's consensus algorithm is relatively weak in this regard.
- Higher transaction speed. One of Polkadot's design goals is to achieve higher throughput and faster transaction speeds. Tests of up to 1,000+ TPS have been performed on Polkadot's teilnet, far exceeding Ethereum. Polkadot's high performance can support more complex applications.
- More flexible governance mechanisms. Polkadot adopts a decentralized governance mechanism based on cross-chain voting that can more quickly and flexibly vote and execute network upgrades, parameter changes, etc. Ethereum's governance mechanism is relatively traditional and requires a long cycle for upgrades and changes.
- Easy to develop environment. Polkadot provides a complete set of easy-to-use SDKs, APIs and toolsets that make development and deployment easier. Developers do not need to understand the underlying technical details in depth and can get started with application development more easily. This is more friendly to the majority of developers.
- Support for multi-chain architecture. Polkadot has native cross-chain interoperability capabilities that can connect different public and private chains to achieve cross-chain asset transfer and interoperability. This is also Polkadot's most important design concept to achieve a truly interconnected internet. Ethereum is currently a relatively isolated single chain.
In summary, Polkadot has significant advantages over Ethereum in terms of Byzantine fault tolerance, transaction performance, governance mechanisms, developer friendliness, and cross-chain architecture. Polkadot's design concepts are more advanced and complete, and it promises to become an interoperable network connecting different public and private chains. However, as a newer project, Polkadot's practical operation also needs further testing and consideration. In comparison, Ethereum is currently in a relatively isolated state, which is also a direction for its further development and improvement.
The two public chains each have their own advantages, but overall, Polkadot has certain advantages over Ethereum in technical concepts and network design. However, the ultimate success of any public chain still requires ecological development and practical verification, which takes time and continuous evolution of the community.