After Completing This ‘PPT’ Course, Happiness Is Inevitable!
学完这门“PPT”课，很难不幸福！
Aha, this “PPT” is not the PowerPoint presentations we often create in our daily work as internet workers. Instead, it’s the Positive Psychotherapy (PPT), a genuine pathway to happiness. In the previous article, we introduced positive psychology as the science of studying happiness. Now, how do we achieve happiness? Positive Psychotherapy is the specific operational method.
咳咳，此PPT非我们互联网打工人日常做的PowerPoint演示文稿，而是真的能让我们开启幸福之路的Positive Psychotherapy（PPT）积极心理学治疗。上一篇文章里我们介绍了积极心理学就是研究幸福的科学，那如何变得幸福呢，积极心理学治疗就是具体的操作方法。
A good PowerPoint should have a clear structure. Similarly, today we’ll elucidate the concept of positive psychology therapy through a well-structured article.
一份好的PPT应该结构清晰，今天我们将通过“1个目标，2个基础，3个假设”清晰地讲明白什么是积极心理学治疗。
1 Ultimate Goal
1个终极目标
The ultimate goal of positive psychology therapy is to help everyone acquire specific, applicable skills to maximize our strengths, thereby seeking a fulfilling, satisfying, and meaningful life. Positive psychology therapy targets not only those seeking help from psychologists but also the broader population aspiring to attain happiness!
积极心理治疗的终极目标是帮助大家学习具体的、可应用的技能，以最大限度地发挥我们的优势，从而寻求充实的、满意的且有意义的生活。积极心理学治疗的对象不仅是需要向心理咨询师求助的人群，更是想要变幸福的广大群众！
2 Theoretical Foundations
2个理论基础
Positive psychology therapy is primarily based on two major theories: Seligman’s PERMA theory, which conceptualizes happiness, and Character Strengths.
积极心理治疗主要基于两大理论：塞利格曼的以幸福的概念化为基础的PERMA理论和品格优势。
PERMA is a model that divides happiness into five manageable and measurable components: Positive Emotions, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment. PERMA是一个模型，将幸福分为：积极情绪、投入、关系、意义和成就五个可管理可测量的部分。
Positive emotions encompass feelings like happiness, contentment, pride, and hope. Engagement refers to being fully absorbed in an activity. Relationships denote secure and comforting connections. Meaning pertains to life beliefs and a sense of purpose. Accomplishment involves pursuing progress, success, or the achievement itself. A plethora of positive psychology research is based on this model.
积极情绪是指如幸福、平静、自豪、希望等积极情绪；投入是指能专注在某项活动中；关系是指让自己感到安全舒适的关系；意义是指生活的信念、使命感等等；成就是指追求进步、成功或就是取得的成就本身。大量积极心理学的研究都是基于此模型。
Character Strengths, proposed by Peterson and Seligman, posit that character strengths are universal traits inherently valuable, independent of worldly outcomes. If individuals can harness their character strengths, they are more likely to attain happiness and satisfaction.
品格优势是彼得森和塞利格曼提出的，该理论认为，品格优势是一种普遍的特质，它本身就具有价值，不需要有什么世俗意义上的产出去确认其价值。人们若是能发挥自己的品格优势，更容易得到幸福与满足。
3 Theoretical Assumptions
3个理论假设
Every psychological school of thought has its underlying assumptions. For instance, behaviorism posits that individuals are products of their external environment, while psychoanalysis attributes human behavior to life and death instincts. So, what are the assumptions of positive psychology therapy?
每个心理学流派都有其前提假设，比如行为主义认为人是外界环境的产物，精神分析认为人的行为都可以归因为生本能、死本能，那积极心理学治疗有什么假设前提呢？
As mentioned in the previous article, humanistic psychology can be seen as the precursor to positive psychology. Therefore, akin to humanistic psychology, positive psychology also believes in the constructive nature of individuals. It posits that when an individual’s inner growth, satisfaction, and happiness are chronically suppressed, mental illness arises. This is one of the assumptions.
在上一篇文章中提到，人本主义心理学可谓孕育了积极心理学，所以和人本主义心理学一样，积极心理学也认为人的内在是具有建设性的，当人的内在成长、满足和幸福的能力被长期压抑，就会出现精神疾病，这是假设之一。
The second assumption of positive psychology therapy is that positive emotions and strengths are as real as negative symptoms and obstacles. Therefore, positive emotions and character strengths should be given the same attention as symptoms in psychological therapy.
假设二，积极心理学治疗认为积极情绪和优势是真实的，就像消极的症状和障碍一样真实。所以在心理治疗中要给积极情绪、品格优势等和对待症状一样的重视。
The third assumption of positive psychology therapy is that effective therapeutic relationships can be built upon the exploration and analysis of positive character strengths and experiences, rather than just discussing problems. By establishing a positive and supportive relationship with the therapist, individuals can better leverage their inner strengths and resources to achieve psychological health goals.
积极心理治疗的第三个假设是，有效的治疗关系可以建立在对积极的品格优势、经历的探索和分析之上，而不仅仅是谈论问题。通过与治疗师建立积极、支持性的关系，个体可以更好地发挥其内在的力量和资源，实现心理健康的目标。
With that, we’ve concluded our introduction to “PPT.” positive psychology therapy is suitable for anyone seeking happiness. In the upcoming series of articles, we will introduce some simple and easy-to-learn tools in positive psychology therapy. Stay tuned!
那么到这我们已经介绍完“PPT”啦，PPT适合所有想要变得幸福的人，接下来的系列文章我们会科普积极心理学治疗里简单易学的一些小工具，敬请期待！
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Reference:
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. (2020). Positive psychotherapy: Clinician manual. Beijing, CITIC Press Group.
参考文献：
塔亚布·拉希德, 马丁·塞利格曼. (2020). 积极心理学治疗手册 (邓之君 译). 北京, 中信出版集团