蒙古族的过年当然也要拜年,但是蒙古族的拜年是分两大部分,拜佛和祭拜祖先。拜佛是从年三十上午开始的,这一天也当然是过年中最热闹的一天。这一天的早止,全家都要换上节日的新装,特别是要穿上传统的蒙古族服装。拜佛主要是上供祭佛,在佛柜供台上摆上各种奶食、油食,摆成小塔型,上边插上特制的金银花,富裕的家庭摆放的供品越多。还用十二个小铜盅倒满白水,一天换一次水,然后点上长明灯。
祭拜祖先也是蒙古族过年重要的拜年内容。一般是在大年三十的晚上,全家准备好各种丰富的饭菜后,在院外找一平地,铺上新的毡子,在上面摆上酒、菜、肉以及各种果品,开始祭祖先的仪式。一般是由长辈嘴里念着高祖、曾祖的名字,把酒一盅又一盅地撒在地上,撒向天空。蒙古族对天的敬仰既是宗教,更是习俗和认知,所以他们认为祖先去世以后就到了攻生天。所以,祭拜祖先当然也要向天祭拜。
像所有的民族一样,拜年也是蒙古族过年的重要内容。蒙古族的拜年分为祭拜长辈和互相拜年之分。祭拜长辈一般是在大年初一凌晨,摆好饭菜后给老人长辈敬酒。拜年时,晚辈要衣帽端正,手捧哈达进行。男人双膝下跪,头往下低时双手向上下摆动。长辈则祝福长命百岁、终身幸福等。未婚女子与男人一样叩拜,已婚女人则右膝下跪,左膝半跪。新媳妇要唱歌。主要是体现晚辈对长辈的敬重和长辈对晚辈的祝福
蒙古族过年如何互相拜年呢?因为我们一般认为蒙古族比较分散,拜年肯定不方便。蒙古族在大年初一的早上拜完长辈以后,就开始了互相拜年的仪式。互拜时,先到年长者的家里,随着互拜的进行,人们自动结伴而行。每到一家,要以同行者的年龄大小依次而入。拜年时,牧民们一般要献上一两首颂辞或颂歌。对出色的歌手,户主会捧起放有哈达的奶食盘颂祝辞。草原上的春节富有浓郁民族特色,牧民们互相祝福。
以上图片来自网络,向原作者致敬。如有侵权一定删除
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