What is Gnosticism?

in religion •  3 years ago 

"There is actually no such thing as Christian Gnosticism, because true Christianity and Gnosticism are mutually exclusive systems of belief. The principles of Gnosticism contradict what it means to be a Christian. Therefore, while some forms of Gnosticism may claim to be Christian, they are in fact decidedly non-Christian.

Gnosticism was perhaps the most dangerous heresy that threatened the early church during the first three centuries."
https://www.gotquestions.org/Christian-gnosticism.html

"The word Gnosticism comes from the Greek term gnosis (Strong's Concordance #G1108, translated as the word 'science' in the KJV version of 1Timothy 6:20) which means 'knowledge.' Christian Gnosticism had its earliest beginnings in the reformation of the Greek religion beginning back in the sixth and fifth centuries B.C. It did not become a significant religious and philosophical movement until around 100 A.D. in the Roman Empire.

Gnosticism believed that secret esoteric (which means only understood by a few) knowledge was the source for salvation. Only those considered special were to have it."
https://www.biblestudy.org/question/definition-gnosticism.html

"This event occurred in several meetings the most famous of them being the Nicaean council, which met in Nicaea Turkey, where hundreds of bishops met to decide what gospels to allow into the New Testament and what ideals the church stood for.

Any writings or groups that were excluded from this council were made heretics and persecuted or driven underground. Among the groups excluded were the Gnostics. The Gnostics were different groups that lived around Judea, Egypt, Rome and some parts of southern Gaul, these groups differed in beliefs and their accounts of the Christs teachings were totally different from what was decreed at the Nicaean Council"

"The name Cathar comes from the Greek word Katharos, signifying “unpolluted”. The Cathars were also known as Manichaeans, followers of the prophet Mani. Mani was a Persian Gnostic teacher of the 3rd century who thought that the world was created by a lesser god"
https://truthrises.org/2020/09/15/the-cathars-a-mysterious-gnostic-cult-of-the-middle-ages-part-i/

"Sethians, then, were a very important Gnostic sect. They believed themselves to be direct descendants of Adam and Eve through Seth. Since Seth was the keeper of secret knowledge, his followers (Sethian Gnostics) were the only ones who had the true knowledge. Seth was seen as a savior-figure who was incarnated as Christ."
https://biblewise.com/bible_study/questions/sethian-gnostics.php

"Gnosticism (from Ancient Greek: γνωστικός, romanized: gnōstikós, Koine Greek: [ɣnostiˈkos], 'having knowledge') is a collection of religious ideas and systems which coalesced in the late 1st century AD among Jewish and early Christian sects.[1] These various groups emphasised personal spiritual knowledge (gnosis) above the orthodox teachings, traditions, and authority of religious institutions. Viewing material existence as flawed or evil, Gnostic cosmogony generally presents a distinction between a supreme, hidden God and a malevolent lesser divinity (sometimes associated with the Yahweh of the Old Testament)[2] who is responsible for creating the material universe."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnosticism

"Gnosticism (pronounced NOS tuh siz um) was a second-century religious movement claiming that salvation could be gained through a special form of secret knowledge. Early Christian church fathers such as Origen, Tertullian, Justin Martyr and Eusebius of Caesarea condemned gnostic teachers and beliefs as heretical."

"This knowledge is not intellectual but mythical and comes through a special revelation by Jesus Christ, the Redeemer, or through his apostles."
https://www.learnreligions.com/what-is-gnosticism-700683

"Gnosticism (after gnôsis, the Greek word for “knowledge” or “insight”) is the name given to a loosely organized religious and philosophical movement that flourished in the first and second centuries CE. The exact origin(s) of this school of thought cannot be traced, although it is possible to locate influences or sources as far back as the second and first centuries BCE, such as the early treatises of the Corpus Hermeticum, the Jewish Apocalyptic writings, and especially Platonic philosophy and the Hebrew Scriptures themselves."
https://iep.utm.edu/gnostic/

"Consensus on a definition of gnosticism has proved difficult. The groups conventionally classified as gnostic did not constitute a single movement with relatively homogeneous organization, teachings, and rituals. Even the self-designation gnostic is problematic, since it is attested for only some of the traditions conventionally treated as gnostic, and its connotations are ambiguous. Whereas some researchers argue that the term gnostic should be restricted to the sects or schools that called themselves by that name, others extend the category to include additional religious movements that allegedly shared various distinctive features. Still others treat gnosticism as a world religion that existed from antiquity to early modern times—surviving, for example, in the mythology and ritual of the Mandaeans of Iraq and Iran (see below Influence)."
https://www.britannica.com/topic/gnosticism

"Mandeans are known as the only Gnostic community to have survived to this day. It has similarities with religions such as Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam."

"Mandaeans revered John the Baptist as one of their most important prophets. They claim that he was a Mandaean along with the Old Testament prophets Adam, Abel, Seth, and Enoch. In the Mandean faith, Jesus Christ was considered a deceiver."
https://i-cias.com/mandeans/

"The Nag Hammadi Library is a collection of early Christian scriptures (and a few other miscellaneous texts) discovered in the Egyptian desert in the middle of the twentieth century that has forced us to reconsider much of what we thought we knew about early Christianity, especially the type of early Christianity known as “Gnosticism.”

The books in the Nag Hammadi Library include the Secret Book of John, the Reality of the Rulers, and On the Origin of the World, which recount elaborate myths about how the world was created by an ignorant, malevolent being who is inferior to the true God, and how a divine spark became trapped within the world"
https://gnosticismexplained.org/the-nag-hammadi-library/

"In a very different way, the Gnostic Gospels put Jesus in the position of giving a secret knowledge (a “ gnosis ”) to some of his original disciples (the “ Gnostic disciples”) to pass it along to others in a secret way."
https://ccaugusta.org/jesus/what-do-gnostics-believe-about-jesus.html

"Gnostic texts like The First Apocalypse of James were likely banned because of their "different understanding" of what Jesus' importance was, Landau said.

"They understood Jesus much more in terms of being a revealer of human wisdom than as a messiah," Landau said. "According to these Gnostic texts, Jesus taught people that the material world was actually a prison crated by an evil god — a lot like the movie 'The Matrix,' essentially.""
https://www.livescience.com/61087-jesus-forbidden-gnostic-text-discovered.html

"They believed that they possessed the secret saving knowledge or information that Jesus had given to the apostles. A Christian-Gnostic body of literature appeared, the Gnostic Gospels. They claimed these Gospels had apostolic authorship including Peter, Phillip, Thomas and Judas."

"The Gnostics Gospels saw no connection between Jesus and the nation of Israel and the acts of God in the Old Testament. These reasons may be the biggest reasons why the Gnostic Gospels are not in the Bible."

"the Gnostic Gospels put Jesus in the position of giving a secret knowledge (a “gnosis”) to some of his original disciples (the “Gnostic disciples”) to pass it along to others in a secret way"
https://www.gcu.edu/blog/theology-ministry/are-gnostic-gospels-reliable-sources

"The teaching of the savior, and the revelation of the mysteries and the things hidden in silence, things he taught his student John."

"The Pharisee said to me, This Nazarene has deceived you badly, filled your ears with lies, closed your minds, and turned you from the traditions of your parents."
http://www.gnosis.org/naghamm/apocjn-meyer.html

"Jesus is identified by some Gnostics as an embodiment of the supreme being who became incarnate to bring gnōsis to the earth, while others adamantly denied that the supreme being came in the flesh, claiming Jesus to be merely a human who attained enlightenment through gnosis and taught his disciples to do the same. Among the Mandaeans, Jesus was considered a mšiha kdaba or “false messiah” who perverted the teachings entrusted to him by John the Baptist. Still other traditions identify Mani and Seth, third son of Adam and Eve, as salvific figures.

Scholar R. E. O. White calls Gnosticism a combination of “philosophic speculation, superstition, semi-magical rites, and sometimes a fanatical and even obscene cultus.” Andrew M. Greeley of the University of Arizona says: “The Jesus of the Gnostics is sometimes incoherent, sometimes unintelligible, and sometimes more than a little creepy.”"
https://christianpublishinghouse.co/2021/06/07/gnosticism-the-jesus-of-the-gnostics/

"Gnosticism says that humans are divine souls trapped in the ordinary physical (or material) world. They say that the world was made by an imperfect spirit. The imperfect spirit is thought to be the same as the God of Abraham. Some Gnostic groups saw Jesus as sent by the supreme being, to bring gnosis to the Earth."
https://findanyanswer.com/do-gnostics-believe-in-jesus

"Gnosticism goes back centuries before the Christian era, possibly as early as the fifth Century, B.C."
https://www.allaboutreligion.org/gnostic-christianity-faq.htm

"The Christianity of the late first century is also the only plausible origin of another one of the Gnostics’ central doctrines: the idea that the god of the Hebrew scriptures, who had created this awful world and continued to rule it, was a malevolent, ignorant being who was inferior to the true God who sent Jesus. The creator god – the “demiurge” – had a host of minions called “archons” (from a Greek word for “ruler”[38]) who helped him administer his horrible rule.

John is adamant that the world is ruled by such a being, even though, of course, he doesn’t identify the cosmic tyrant with the Hebrew god."

"One of these varieties was the one that we today call “Gnosticism” or “Gnostic Christianity.”

When an “orthodox,” “catholic” church emerged in later centuries, Gnosticism was declared to be “heretical.” But the Gnostics didn’t think of their version of Christianity that way. For them, “Gnosticism” was Christianity, pure and simple, and the other varieties were deviations from the true model that had been revealed to them."
https://gnosticismexplained.org/the-origins-of-gnosticism/

"Many claim to offer traditions about Jesus that are secret, hidden from “the many” who constitute what, in the second century, came to be called the “catholic church.” These Christians are now called gnostics, from the Greek word gnosis, usually translated as “knowledge.”"
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/gnostic-gospels/

"there are no gnostic documents known to predate the New Testament"

"They rejected the God of Israel, refusing to believe that he was the Father of Jesus Christ"
https://www.christian-history.org/gnosticism.html

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