Taurine

 Taurine (2-Aminoethane-1-sulfonic acid) is sulfuric acid containing an amino group. that is important for several metabolic processes in our body and thought to have antioxidant properties. It is probably most known for being an ingredient in most energy drinks. It is found in animal tissues and human milk, and is a major constituent of bile. Some studies have suggested it can improve athletic performance. Furthermost, others suggest that if combined with caffeine, it improves mental performance. On the other hand, these findings remain controversial an so is the use of taurine in energy drinks.
Taurine is named after the Latin taurus because it was isolated from ox bile in 1827. Taurine plays several biological roles such as conjugation of bile acids, anti-oxidation, osmoregulation, membrane stabilization, and modulation of calcium signaling. Also, it is essential for cardiovascular function, and for the development and function of the skeletal muscle, the retina, and the central nervous system.