Is the sea level vulnerable to rise drastically by 2100

Scientists predict that by 2100 sea level will rise 10 centimeters every decade.

As the polar ice sheet melts, scientists predict that by the turn of the century sea level will likely rise 0.6 meters over 2005. Equally alarming data are also given in the latest study, where by 10 years every 10 years coastline in the lower coastal areas of the planet will be submerged in water by 2100.

The study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), draws three-dimensional images of ocean changes over time based on 25 years of satellite data.

Analysis found that by 2100, 31% to 67% of Southern California beaches may be eaten 1-2 meters. The east coast of the United States is slowly and steadily sinking into the sea.

In September 17, hurricane "Ima" raged in the southeastern coast of the United States, causing great losses. According to the "Science Report" article published in the journal Nature, the average sea level in the east coast of the United States rises by an average of 3 millimeters per year.

On September 11, 2017, in Hurricane, Florida, Hurricane Irma raged along the St. John River

Sea level rise caused flooding in many low-lying coastal areas. In this sense, most of the world's coastal areas are under threat.

However, due to the different oceans, meteorological impacts and sea-level rise rates in different regions, the rate at which the coastline is submerged is also different.

September 11, 2017, Hurricane Imam Floods in Jacksonville, Florida

Scientists have revealed that in recent years, frequent flooding in the eastern coast of the United States has resulted mainly from vertical land movements caused by crustal movement after glacier activities.

There are three main reasons why the East Coast of the United States has relatively large increases in sea level. The first reason is the balanced rebound of the crust after the ice age. During the last Ice Age, much of the northern United States and Canada were under enormous ice sheets.

These ice pressure on the continental crust, making it sink to the part of the melting upper mantle. Imagine having a bowl of noodles in front of you and pressing hard on the middle of the noodles. No matter which side you press the noodles, it will eventually emerge.

After the ice age crust balanced rebound process

The same process takes place on Earth, especially after it has undergone significant loads (such as glaciers). Glaciers on the North American continent led to many problems on the east coast due to loading. As the glaciers melt, the weight on this continent is removed and the edges rebound again.

If you move your hand away from the noodles, you will notice that the parts on either side of your hand will move downwards. After the glacier disappears, this slow rebound or drop is called "rebound of equilibrium." This led to a slow and steady subsidence of the East Coast of the United States relative to the Atlantic Ocean.

The second reason is much simpler. When humans use groundwater in coastal communities, groundwater is removed and the water actually supports the upper sediments and other rocks. The more water is removed, the faster the rocks will sink, as they no longer have a solid support.

The third reason is that, as a result of global warming, land ice has melted all over the world, and sea levels have subsequently risen. As a result, the influx of these glaciers into the sea has led to sea-level rise.

These three factors led to an increase of about 60 cm in sea level since the 16th century, when most of the coastal communities were just established. In the decades and centuries to come, these three factors may be at work all the time, meaning that the east coast of the United States will continue to fall into the sea.

National Geographic produced a series of interactive maps showing the catastrophic consequences of the melting of ice on Earth and its influx into the oceans. This will lead to an increase of 66 meters in sea level, engulfing cities and even countries, and completely changing the appearance of all continents and coastlines.

As is known to all, the earth the mankind lives in is a "water polo," with three oceans on seven oceans. There are more than 5 million cubic miles of ice and snow covering the polar regions.

Although scientists believe that it will take at least 5,000 years for all ice melting on Earth, if we continue to increase our carbon emissions, we may have another snow-free world at 30 million years of age: the average surface temperature on Earth increases by 12 degrees, and the sea The plane rises 66 meters and the coastline of all continents changes, many of the world's major cities will be inundated. National Geographic magazine portrays a "terrible" new world map.

Asia: China's flooded eastern coastal areas, where 600 million people live, will be submerged by seawater (the Liaodong Peninsula, most of east China, and Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces); almost all of Bangladesh, a population of 160 million, sinks into the sea; most of the current Indian coastal areas Will disappear; the raging floods in the Mekong River basin in Southeast Asia will leave only a single "island" in the cardamom mountains stretching over hundreds of kilometers in southwestern Cambodia and averaging more than 1,000 meters above sea level.

South America: The northern Amazon basin and the Paraguayan river basin to the south will become the new estuary of the Atlantic Ocean; most of Paraguay will be completely destroyed in the Argentine capital, Buenos Aires, in the coastal area of ​​Uruguay; all over the Caribbean coast and The mountainous region of Central America survives.

Europe: London, England? The city will only leave a historic memory; the beautiful Venice of Italy will be "recovered" by the Adriatic; in the catastrophe "script" thousands of years later, the Netherlands will be swallowed by the sea and most of Denmark At the same time, the Tao Tao seawater in the eastern Mediterranean will diffuse across the Strait of Turkey, allowing the area of ​​the Black Sea and Caspian Sea to expand substantially.

Africa: Unlike other continents, the coastline of Africa appears to be "surviving"; however, the dramatic rise in temperature on the surface of the earth has made Africa more unfit for human habitation; the reefing of the sea in the southern Mediterranean will inundate two historic cities of Alexandria and Cairo in Egypt .

Oceania: A new intra-lake will emerge in the prolonged dry continent, but the strip of long, narrow-rimmed cities will disappear on the edge of the Australian continent.

Antarctica: Temperature changes over the past 100 years have been changing the Antarctic coastline. The eastern part of Antarctica is covered by a huge ice shield, which occupies 80% of the Earth's entire ice layer. The global warming continues to accumulate more water and make the eastern part of Antarctica a snow-capped world. In western Antarctica, the western ice-floe plateau has started to melt since 1992, losing 65 million tons of ice each year. If temperatures continue to rise, the ice shield in western Antarctica and Greenland will disappear completely in the sea.

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