The existence of different factors causes different types of weathering

The soil is one of the main components that make up as land on Earth. Humans, animals and plants also live on the ground and step on roots in the ground. It can not be denied that almost every life on Earth depends on the land. Humans, animals, and plants live side by side and need each other. In meeting the needs, humans use animals and plants, and soil is also very important in the culture medium.

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But, the ground on Earth is not always the same. Some places have different soil characteristics, be they substances, contours, fertility levels, moisture content, and so on. Because soil characteristics are different, we recognize many types of soil. No need to be different Country, sometimes in adjacent areas can have different soil types. This difference is due to various factors, both natural and artificial. We can find various types of soil, such as clay, limestone, grumusol, peat soil, ground pods, soil organosol, humus soil, and so on. It is therefore important for us to know more about the land.

The existence of the soil also determines the well-being of living beings, as it determines the existence of available food. The fertile soil will make the creatures that live in this region will prosper. Therefore, sometimes we find the existence of animals and plants that live in a typical soil type. The existence of land since the Earth was formed can not be separated from the incident of death that occurred on Earth. The living thing that has died will rot and then enter the ground. And because weathering this body will make the soil fertile. Not only from the bodies of living creatures that died, but weathering can also occur because of weathering rocks that exist on Earth. That's why we need to learn it.

Hearing the word weathering, certainly not something foreign in our ears. We have learned about weathering in this school. Weathering is the process of change and fragmentation of rocks, and soil material near the surface of the earth caused by various processes, namely physics, chemistry and biology. The occurrence of weathering due to several events that occur and accumulate each other, it lasts continuously. Some events such as temperature changes during the day and night, the heat of the sun that affects the motion of the wind, the occurrence of rain, and the movement of waves in the sea. In addition to these biological events, there are also chemical events such as decomposition and corrosion.

Weathering that occurs will produce something that is the origin of sedimentary rocks and also the origin of the soil. This weathering occurs in rocks or bodies or even dissolves some minerals, and then milled, then transported and deposited as clastic sedimentary rocks. Of course, the occurrence of this process is also influenced by various factors.

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Weathering that occurs in rocks can be caused by various factors. The existence of this factor difference will cause various types of weathering. In general, weathering is divided into three types, namely organic or biological weathering, physical weathering and chemical weathering. Basically, these three types of weathering work together, but there is the possibility that one of the processes is more dominant than the other, because that is one of these types of weathering. So we can know more about the type of weathering.

• Decomposition of organic or biological: That is weathering caused by the existence of living things.
  Example: Organic or biological bullet This is the destruction of rocks, because of the plant moss attached to the logs.

• Physical weathering: That is weathering due to temperature or climate change.
  Example: From this weathering is the destruction of the rocks due to weather changes from the dry season to the rainy season.

• Weathering the chemical layer: That is weathering that occurs due to the mixing of rocks with chemicals.
  Example: From this weathering this rock destruction caused by a mixture of plant waste containing many chemicals.

It's a kind of weathering that we often encounter around us. All three types of weathering are attacking rocks and also some minerals, thus crushing and partially entering the ground, and some settling into sedimentary rocks. For example in everyday life we ​​can pay attention to weathering on rocks or corals that are eroded by water, both rain and waves. This is one example of weathering process rocks.

The weathering process occurs in the rocks and also on the remnants of nature and minerals. The eroded natural minerals are partially passed to the ground, and some also settle into sedimentary rocks. The weathering process from rock to soil or sedimentary rocks takes a long time. The occurrence of weathering can be caused by three types, namely physics, chemistry, and also biological or organic. Because the process is different, the factors that influence it also vary. The occurrence of weathering is also inseparable from the role of sunlight, air temperature, and also water vapor. The existence of differences in air temperature, rainfall, and also a continuous wind will cause the objects experience weathering. The three weathering processes mentioned above really integrate with each other, so that will accelerate the weathering process.

Chemical, physical and biological or organic reporting takes place through different processes. Because the factors that affect are also different. To know more about the weathering process, we must know in every process.

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The first weathering process is a physical weathering process. The physical weathering process is a mechanical process that causes large rocks to break and break and fragment into microparticles without chemical changes. This physical weathering process occurs as a result of drastic changes in temperature, such as very hot weather to very cold weather, heavy rain and light, root plant penetration, and the presence of other living things.

In weathering process physically there is difference of speed of weathering process. This difference in weathering speed is physically influenced by several things.

• Level of contraction and rate of expansion of constituent components of rock, so this will trigger the process of breaking and destruction of rocks.

• The level of rough or fine surface rock. That the rock surface is rough then the weathering process that happens will be faster.

• The darker color of the stone will have the ability to absorb more light. This will lead to a faster expansion process, even contraction and expansion as well. And it will cause the weathering process occurs more quickly.

These are the factors that affect the rapid physical decay of weathering. In order for this physical weathering process to occur, the rocks will erode little by little, time will really weather.

For example: Rocks are vulnerable because of the ocean waves that hit each day, or rocks are fragile because of the rain drops are obeyed in a long time.

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In addition to the process of physical weathering, then weathering chemically. As the name implies, this chemical weathering occurs due to chemical help. The chemical weathering process is a cleaning process, followed by changes in chemical properties. There are several chemical processes of weathering:

• Dissolution or solubility.

• The process of hydration or binding to water molecules, so that the volume will increase and the strength will weaken, and will easily experience the weathering process.

• Hydraulic process or cationation with hydrogen ions and when ionization causes the condition to be weak, so it will be easy to experience the weathering process.

• Oxidation or increase in positive charge
  For example: The change of iron in the rock from the ferro form to the ferric form, this will make the size increase. With increasing iron size it will be easy to experience weathering.

• Reduction, which is positive drop charge event.

• Carbonate, which is the process that causes carbonic acid and emits with a base that forms the basis of carbonate.

• Asidification, ie acidification process in rock so that will cause acceleration of weathering process.
  Example: This incident is acidification of nitric acid contained in rainwater and acidification of sulfuric acid from protein decomposition. These two different acids will accelerate the weathering process in rocks.

These are some of the processes or steps that occur in weathering chemically. Chemical weathering processes usually also occur in the walls of buildings, especially for those who are around the factory and exposed to waste. Examples: Plant roots. Soil microorganisms. and Animals.

This coating is organically or biologically occurs after the rock previously undergoes a chemical or physical weathering process first. In other words, this organic or biological weathering accelerates or improves.
For example: Rocks that have experienced extreme temperature changes such as after very hot weather, suddenly very cold, will experience cracks. Furthermore, when the rain water will enter the rock gap, so it will accelerate the weathering process that occurred. Inside the gaps it turns out not only water that enters, but also begin to overgrown low-level plants and soil microorganisms that both accelerate the weathering process.

That is the explanation of weathering that occurs in rocks, the type of weathering and also the process of each weathering.

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