"Cosmic radiation is emitted during solar events, including sunspots, solar flares, coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and proton storms. The Earth’s atmosphere works like a shield, keeping out large amounts of this radiation. Cosmic radiation is of particular concern to astronauts and equipment in space."
https://www.epa.gov/radtown/radiation-solar-activity
"Space radiation is different from the kinds of radiation we experience here on Earth. Space radiation is comprised of atoms in which electrons have been stripped away as the atom accelerated in interstellar space to speeds approaching the speed of light – eventually, only the nucleus of the atom remains.
Space radiation is made up of three kinds of radiation: particles trapped in the Earth’s magnetic field; particles shot into space during solar flares (solar particle events); and galactic cosmic rays, which are high-energy protons and heavy ions from outside our solar system. All of these kinds of space radiation represent ionizing radiation.
How much Space Radiation are Astronauts Exposed to?
Beyond Low Earth Orbit, space radiation may place astronauts at significant risk for radiation sickness, and increased lifetime risk for cancer, central nervous system effects, and degenerative diseases. Research studies of exposure in various doses and strengths of radiation provide strong evidence that cancer and degenerative diseases are to be expected from exposures to galactic cosmic rays (GCR) or solar particle events (SPE)."
https://www.nasa.gov/analogs/nsrl/why-space-radiation-matters
"Earth’s magnetic field is constantly flowing around us and influencing our daily lives. Aside from protecting us from solar winds, it also makes a compass work and it helps birds to find their destination when migrating. This same force can interact and interfere with equipment and experiments on the International Space Station."
https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/Proxima/Radiation_and_magnetic_fields
"Earth is surrounded by a system of magnetic fields, called the magnetosphere. The magnetosphere shields our home planet from harmful solar and cosmic particle radiation, but it can change shape in response to incoming space weather from the Sun."
https://www.nasa.gov/magnetosphere