Jharkhand is a state in eastern India that was formed on November 15, 2000, after being carved out of the southern part of Bihar. The history of Jharkhand dates back to ancient times when the region was inhabited by various indigenous tribes such as the Asur, Mundas, and Santhal.
During the medieval period, Jharkhand was ruled by various dynasties such as the Mauryas, Guptas, and the Palas. The region was known for its mineral wealth, and mining activities flourished during this period. The arrival of the British in the 18th century led to the establishment of several mining companies, and Jharkhand became an important center of mining activity.
The people of Jharkhand played an active role in the Indian freedom struggle. The state saw several revolts and uprisings against British rule, the most significant being the revolt of 1857. The tribal population of Jharkhand was especially active in the freedom struggle, and many of them were influenced by the ideas of Mahatma Gandhi.
After India gained independence in 1947, Jharkhand remained a part of Bihar. However, demands for a separate state began to grow in the 1950s, and the movement gained momentum in the 1970s. The Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM) was formed in 1972, which became the main proponent of the movement for a separate Jharkhand state.
The demand for a separate state was finally fulfilled in 2000, when Jharkhand was carved out of the southern part of Bihar. Jharkhand became India's 28th state, with Ranchi as its capital.
Since its formation, Jharkhand has faced several challenges, including poverty, unemployment, and a lack of development in many areas. The state's economy is primarily based on agriculture and mining, and the government has taken several steps to promote industrialization and investment in the state.
In recent years, Jharkhand has made significant progress in various areas, including healthcare, education, and infrastructure. The state is home to several prestigious educational institutions, and there has been a significant improvement in the literacy rate. Jharkhand is also known for its rich culture and heritage, and several festivals and fairs are celebrated with great enthusiasm throughout the year.