LEARNING PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

The Formula of Present Perfect  

• Subject + have/has + Verb 3 + Object/comp.   (POSITIVE)

               I have studied English since this semester  

•  Subject + have/has +Not+ Verb 3 + Object/comp.  (NEGATIVE)

               I have not studied English since this semester

•  Have/has + subject + V 3 + 0bject/Comp.  (INSTROGATIVE)

              Have you studied English since this semester?  

In nominal sentences of present perfect the “Verb” is replaced by “Been”.

Example: I have been here for three years

                 She has been in this room for two hours 

                We have not been home since last week  

               Where have you been up to now?   

The Use of Perfect Tense 

 A. The present perfect is used to express the idea that something happened/never happened before now, at an unspecified time in the past (the time is not important, the activity is important)

 Example:  

                  I have eaten sandwich

                  I have never visited Bandung 

                  Has he ever met me?  

 B. The present perfect is used to express the repetition of an activity before now. 

 Example:  

                  I have already watched the movie many times. 

                  She has met me since she lived here.  

 C. The present perfect is used to express a situation that began in the past and continues to the present. To express the situation for and since is used. 

 Example: 

They have won the game for several times.

 He has lived here since 2010. 

 They have not been here for a week.

 *For + a duration of time

 *Since + a particular time   

 Present Perfect with Adverbial Times  

A. We often use present perfect with time adverbial that refer to the recent past : just, only just, recently 

Example:

                 Students have recently finished the test. 

                 She has just come back from the city.

B. We often use present perfect with time adverbial that refer to the present: ever, so far, up to now, until now, yet  

Example: 

                  1. Have you ever watched the game?   

                  2. Where has she worked up to now?  

                 3. Have you finish your homework yet? 

                 4. No, so far I have just finish my math.    

What about the passive sentence?  

Subject + have/has + been + V 3 + by + Object/Comp.

 Example:

                       I have been taught by Mr. Syarwan. 

                      The door has been opened by the officer 

                       You have been waited by her for two hours.   

Regards, 

Mrs. Don