Telos is important to blockchain and the world because it represents a new frontier in putting individual users in charge of the chain itself. Like other Graphene chains, you can vote for the witnesses or block producers who operate the chain. But Telos goes a lot farther. Users can vote on the governance rules that drive code development. They can also vote on which groups of developers are paid to create code for the chain. So while anyone can create and propose code if they like, only those voted by the Telos users will be paid for it and only those whose code is voted by the user-elected BPs will have their code deployed on the Telos chain. This makes Telos one of the first blockchains where the regular users get to decide through their votes who the core developers of the chain are. It's the only chain where users can fire the core developers and hire different ones if they choose.
Telos also gives all kinds of dapps an easy set of tools to have powerful governance features in their own dapp or DAC so that their users can also drive the development of their project. This is probably even more important in some ways because the real place that all of these interactions will happen is at the dapp level. The chain level will be considered pretty boring soon. It's all about the dapps, really.
By making governance easy for these dapps, there will be an explosion of governance experiments. New features can be added to the protocol for all other apps so there's very little duplication of effort. And because there's a built-in funding mechanism to drive new development (also voted by the users!) these new features will come much more quickly than on most platforms. So Telos will become the world's incubator for new ideas about governing people and dapps. This is crucial because most of the world's governments are failing in some respect and it's actually quite hard and costly to test new ideas and structures at the national level. But it's easier at the blockchain level and the more experiments, the more chances to learn and iterate.
So that's one thing that is unique about Telos and important to the world.