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俗话说:瞪眼等锅开,越瞪越不开。当然不管你盯不盯着锅,锅到沸点总会开的,这只是说人的情绪在着急中。
在宏观世界中,观测不会使物体的状态有所改变,就比如烧水。
在量子世界中,规则变了。
量子芝诺效应告诉我们:如果我们在锅子有声音快到沸点时去观察它,锅子就会以重新开始加热来逗我们。一切重新开始,有如回到原点。
如果在量子世界中我们没有耐心,一会儿看看锅子,一会看看锅子,那么水永远烧不开了。
这种不符合我们常识的现象就是在量子物理中起神秘作用的观测带来的结果。我们的观测行为会中断在没有观测行为下已经发生的事情。
这就像我们快入睡时,每隔一小会儿就有人问:“你睡着了吗?”每次这个快要入睡的人就要重新培养睡意。
量子芝诺效应
美国科罗拉多州国家标准技术研究所的一族研究人员做了一个实验。
他们选取了一些离子(指原子或原子基团失去或得到一个或几个电子而形成的带电荷的粒子),将这些离子放入某能级之中。
离子有其相应的能级,好比一个有两个台阶的领奖台,第一级台阶代表高能级,第二级台阶代表低能级。离子在高低能级之间跃迁的时候,会吸收或释放光(光子)。
这个实验先将几千个粒子放入光源下,经观察发现,256毫秒后所有离子都位于第一级台阶。
实验开始时,所有离子在第二级台阶的可能性是100%,可是在256毫秒后,所有离子位于第一级台阶的可能性是100%。
此次结论,在实验过程中离子在第二台阶的可能性在减小,在第一台阶的可能性在增加。
再次实验,研究人员在128毫秒时观察了一次,又在256毫秒时观察了一次。结果256毫秒后,只有一半的离子成功登上了第一级台阶。
另一半离子怎么掉队了?量子芝诺效应来解释。
在128毫秒观测时,很多离子都在登第一级台阶的路上。这时由于我们的观测,它们必须要选择(想想双缝实验:选右边缝隙还是选左边缝隙)。
于是那些离第二级台阶近的离子便选择了这第二级。这次观测后,离子越级要重新开始了。所以在256毫秒观测时,只有一半的离子登上了第一级台阶。
研究人员又多次实验,中间增加观测次数。实验发现越频繁的观测,第一级台阶上的离子就越少,完全符合量子芝诺效应。
结果表明,我们只要多次测量,就可以“冻结”量子体系的变化,使其保持在我们想要的状态。
参考资料:《量子系统中纯态和混合态量子芝诺效应研究》
要获得stem点赞,需要加上参考资料呢。
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哦,原来要参考资料的呀。我补好了。
但其实没有查资料呀,就大概得比兴一下,没有严谨的数据什么的,不需要查资料哎。 是一定要的吗?硬上一个。
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感谢持有21.51 NBC(NewBies Coin)! 由于你使用CN作为你的标签,额外获得1%点赞! 你的帖子获得team-cn 7% 点赞!(如果不想看到这个回复,请回复“取消”)
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@tipu curate
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谢谢~!COFFEEA
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Upvoted 👌 (Mana: 5/10 - need recharge?)
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Lucky you @datui here is your COFFEEA, view all your tokens at steem-engine.com Vote for c0ff33a as Witness
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