Do you know how Isotropic Antenna or Source Work?

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Today I am writing my post about the Isotropic Radiator/Antenna/Source. In my post by reading different sources and collecting information I tried to give the detailed easy information about the project and how it will going to work. Apart from that your thoughts and opinions heartily welcome!

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Isotropic Radiators

An Isotropic Radiators is a radiator and is defined as a source or antenna which radiates uniformly in all directions. It is also called as Isotropic source or Omni-Directional Radiator or simply Unipole. An Isotropic Radiators is a hypothetical radiator or antenna with which the practical radiator or antenna with which the practical radiator or antennas are compared. Thus, an Isotropic Radiators or antenna are used as reference antenna. Although, sometimes a half wave dipole antenna is also used as a Reference Antenna, but these days use of Isotropic Radiators as Reference Antenna is preferred.

Let us now imagine that an Isotropic Radiators is situated at the center of a sphere of radius ‘r’. Thus, all the energy radiated from it must pass over the surface area of the sphere “4πr2” (assuming that there is no obstruction to absorb the power). The Poynting vector or Power Density (P) at any point on the sphere gives power radiated per unit area in all directions. Since, radiated power from an Isotropic source flows in radial lines, therefore for an Isotropic Radiators, the magnitude of the pointing vector (P) is equal to the radical component of the radiated power, i.e., ΙPΙ=Pr __ (1)

Thus, if the pointing vector is known as all points on a sphere of radius ‘r’ from a point source, the Total Power ᾠt radiated by the source is integral over the surface of sphere of the radical component Pr of average Poynting vector.

Symbolically,
ᾠt= ∫∫ P.ds
Therefore, ᾠt= ∫∫ Pr.ds
Or, ᾠt= Pr ∫∫ ds
Or, ᾠt= Pr 4πr2 …………………………………………………[i.e., ds= 4 πr2 (Surface Area)].

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References:

Isotropic Radiators - Wikipedia

Reference Antenna - Wikipedia

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