story of aceh

Talk GAM (Free Aceh Movement), inevitably, must speak the birth of the Republic of Indonesia. Because, that's where the story of the movement for independence began. Five days after the Republic of Indonesia was proclaimed, Aceh declared its full support for the power of government based in Jakarta. Under the Resident of Aceh, who is also a prominent figure, Tengku Nyak Arief, Aceh declared the promise of loyalty, supporting the independence of Indonesia and Aceh as an integral part. On August 23, 1945, at least 56 Acehnese came together and took an oath. "By Allah, I will be faithful to defend the independence of the Republic of Indonesia to the point of my last blood." Except Mohammad Daud Beureueh, all Acehnese leaders and clerics pronounced the promise. At 10.00, Husein Naim and M Amin Bugeh waved flags at the Shu Chokan building (now, the governor's office). Teuku Nyak Arief Governor on the earth Porch of Mecca.
However, it turned out that not all Acehnese promised loyalty. They are the hulubalang, the soldiers on the battlefield. Soldier who fought against the Netherlands and Japan. They are sure, without RI, they can manage their own Aceh state. This is the earliest story of an independence movement. The motor is Daud Cumbok. His headquarters are in the Bireuen area. The clerical figures are opposed to David Cumbok. Through the figures and warriors of Aceh, M. Nur El Ibrahimy, Daud Cumbok attacked and defeated. In history, this war was called the Civil War or the Cumbok War that killed no less than 1,500 people for a year until 1946. In 1948, when the Indonesian government moved to Yogyakarta and Syafrudin Prawiranegara was appointed President of the Emergency Government of Indonesia (PDRI), Aceh asked to be a province of its own. At that time, M. Daud Beureueh was appointed Aceh Military Governor.Because of the condition of the state continued unstable and the Dutch rampant again, came the idea of ​​escape from RI. The idea came from dr. Mansur. The area is not just Aceh. However, it covers Aceh, Nias, Tapanuli, South Sumatra, Lampung, Bengkalis, Indragiri, Riau, Bengkulu, Jambi, and Minangkabau. Daud Beureueh opposed this idea. He also campaigned to all the people, that Aceh is part of RI. As a proof, Beureueh mobilizes public funds. A year later, in 1949, Beureueh managed to raise public funds of 500,000 US dollars. The money was donated intact for the Indonesian nation. The money was given ABRI 250 thousand dollars, 50 thousand dollars for government office of the Republic of Indonesia, 100 thousand dollars for the return of RI government from Yogyakarta to Jakarta, and 100 thousand dollars given to the central government through AA Maramis. Aceh also contributed gold bullion to buy government bonds, financed the establishment of Indonesian representatives in India, Singapore and the purchase of two aircraft for the purposes of RI leaders. At that time Sukarno said Aceh is the main capital of independence of Indonesia.
A year goes on, disappointment grows. Aceh Province is merged into North Sumatra Province. The Acehnese are angry. Moreover, the promise of Soekarno on June 16, 1948 that Aceh will be given the right to take care of his own household according to Islamic law is not also met. In essence, Daud Beureueh wants to recognize the right to practice religion in Aceh. Not forbidden. Beureueh did not ask for independence, just ask for freedom to run his religion according to Islamic Shari'a. Daud Beureueh also rolled the idea of ​​the establishment of the Islamic State of Indonesia in April 1953. This idea in West Java was carried Kartosuwiryo in 1949 through Darul Islam. Five months later, Beureueh claimed to join and recognize NII Kartosuwiryo. From here then Beureueh conduct guerrilla. The Acehnese, who in fact Islam, fully support the NII idea. The NII Army was formed, named Indonesian Islamic Army (TII). Then, the DI / TII rebellion in some areas. Beureueh ran into the forest. It's just a tragedy here. In 1955 there was a mass murder by the TNI. Around 64 innocent Acehnese were aligned in the field and fired on. This action disappointed the pro-Sukarno Acehnese. Through various upheavals and negotiations, in 1959 Aceh gained the status of a special province province.Beureueh felt betrayed by Sukarno. Bung Karno ignored the traditional leadership structure and did not appreciate the role of the ulama in the life of the state. In fact, the people of Aceh was very big belief to the scholars. Guerilla is done. However, Bung Karno mobilized his troops to Aceh. In 1962, Beureueh was persuaded his son-in-law El Ibrahimy to obey the Minister of Defense AH Nasution to surrender. Beureueh according to the promise will be made Islamic Sharia Law for the people of Aceh (newly realized in 2001).

TGAM was born in the Soeharto era. At that time, there was industrialization in Aceh. Soeharto completely abandoned the customs and respect of the people of Aceh. The gambling effect gave birth to prostitution, drunkenness, bars, and all sorts of things contrary to Islam and the customs of the people of Aceh. Aceh's natural wealth is depleted through the development of foreign-controlled industries through the center's blessing. While the people of Aceh remain poor. Education is low, economic conditions are very alarming. Seeing this, Daud Beureueh and the elderly Acehnese figure who had calmed down and then guerrilla again to restore the honor of the people, Aceh adat and Islam. The meeting was initiated in the 1970s. They agreed to continue the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Aceh, a glorious and God-forgiving land. Now they realize that the goal can not be achieved without weapons. Then sent Zainal Abidin to meet Hasan Tiro who is studying in America. The meeting took place in 1972 and it was agreed that Tiro would send weapons to Aceh. Zainal is none other than Tiro's brother. Unfortunately, the weapons were not sent until Beureueh died. Hasan Asleh, Jamil Amin, Zainal Abidin, Hasan Tiro, Ilyas Leubee, and many more gathered at the foot of Mount Halimun, Pidie. There, on 24 May 1977, former DI / TII leaders and young Aceh leaders established GAM. For four days in session, Daud Beureueh was appointed the supreme leader. Hasan Tiro, who was not present in GAM's establishment, was appointed as the guardian of the state. GAM consists of 15 ministers, four ministerial-level officials and six governors. They also guerilla glorify the people of Aceh, adat, and religion that trampled Suharto.

GAM weapons are also from Jakarta and Bandung. The black market of this weapon is carried out by unscrupulous elements of the TNI and Police. For GAM, as long as there is a weapon, money does not matter. Because, in fact GAM apparently has a very large source of funds. The number of purchases to a TNI / Polri person can be trillions of rupiah. A 2000 raid by Polda Metro Jaya found a receipt of Rp3 billion for the purchase of GAM weapons on the black market of the TNI. Now, weapons owned by TNI are also owned by GAM. What GAM does not have is a heavy weapon. Because, its slow nature. The principle of GAM, the weapon must have high mobility, easy to carry everywhere. Because, his war strategy is hit and run. GAM even claimed to have a more modern weapon than the TNI. For example, automatic weapons owned by the karades. The small, tiny shaped weapon can hold for days in the water. Members of this karades who used to infiltrate the cities and ambush members of the TNI / Police are careless.
Buying weapons of course with abundant money. Because, the price is not cheap. So, where did they get the funds? GAM has permanent donors from successful Acehnese businessmen abroad. Among them, in Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, America, and Europe. Funds also come from compulsory donations drawn from local and multinational companies in Aceh. As an illustration, in 2000, GAM requested a compulsory donation to a local businessman named Tengku Abu Bakar for Rp 100 million. Abu Bakr was given a Neugara Atjeh-Sumatra letter letter dated February 15, 2000 signed by GAM's Regional Commander Rajek Tengku Tarzura. Former President Abdurrahman Wahid (Gus Dur) once mentioned Pupuk Iskandar Muda once deposited Rp 10 billion to GAM for security expenses. GAM often has interference if it does not receive the mandatory donation. Hence, every month GAM gets a tribute from the "friends of GAM" entrepreneurs. GAM communication system is also very sophisticated. GAM-coated communications systems are